Advanced Diesel Technology to Achieve Tier 2 Bin 5 Emissions Compliance in US Light-Duty Diesel Applications

Cooper, Brian; Penny, Ian; Beasley, Matt; Greaney, Adrian; Crump, Jackie

doi:10.4271/2006-01-1145

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Here, 18% 0 2 was chosen as the baseline point because this range of EGR (20-32%) is commonly used to meet 2010 particulate and NOx regulations [55] with the use of both urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and diesel particulate filter (DPF) after-treatment systems [58]. Here, 18% 0 2 was chosen as the baseline point because this range of EGR (20-32%) is commonly used to meet 2010 particulate and NOx regulations [55] with the use of both urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and diesel particulate filter (DPF) after-treatment systems [58].…”

Section: Experimental Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Load on Close-Coupled Post-Injection Efficacy for Soot Reduction in an Optical Heavy-Duty Diesel Research Engine

O’Connor

Musculus

2014

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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A s s is ta n t P ro fe sso r M e c h a n ic a l and N uclear E n g in e e rin g D epartm ent, C enter fo r C o m b u s tio n , P ow er and P ro p u ls io n , P e n nsylva nia State U nive rsity, 111 R esearch East B u ild in g , U n iv e rs ity Park, PA 1 6 8 0 2 e -m a il: jx o 2 2 @ e n g r.p s u .e d u M a rk M usculusT e ch n ica l S taff E n g in e C o m b u s tio n D epartm ent, C o m b u s tio n Research F a cility, S andia N ational Lab o ra to rie s, P.O. B ox 969 , M S 9 05 3 , L iv e rm o re , C A 94551 e -m a il: m p m u s c u @ s a n d ia .g o vThe use o f close-coupled post injections is an in-cylinder sOot-reduction technique that has much promise for high efficiency heavy-duty diesel engines. Close-coupled post injec tions, short injections o f fuel that occur soon after the end of the main fuel injection, have been known to reduce engine-out soot at a wide range of engine operating conditions, including variations in injection timing, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) level, load, boost, and speed. While many studies have investigated the performance of post injections, the details of the mechanism by which soot is reduced remains unclear. In this study, we have measured the efficacy of post injections over a range of load conditions, at constant speed, boost, and rail pressure, in a heavy-duty optically-accessible research diesel engine. Here, the base load is varied by changing the main-injection duration. Measurements of engine-out soot indicate that not only does the efficacy of a post injection decrease at higher engine loads, but that the range of post-injection durations over which soot reduction is achievable is limited at higher loads. Optical measurements, including the natural luminescence of soot and planar laser-induced incandescence of soot, provide information about the spatiotemporal development of in-cylinder soot through the cycle in cases with and without post-injections. The optical results indicate that the post injection behaves similarly at different loads, but that its relative efficacy decreases due to the increase in soot resulting from longer main-injection durations.

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Section: Experimental Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the use of aftertreatment systems [58]. A 15% 0 2 level is a com mon intake-oxygen level for low-temperature combustion (LTC) conditions [6].…”

Section: Experimental Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Load on Close-Coupled Post-Injection Efficacy for Soot Reduction in an Optical Heavy-Duty Diesel Research Engine

O’Connor

Musculus

2014

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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“…While the clean diesel reduces fuel consumption considerably, the advanced emissions control required has pushed the cost up. The "Tier II" U.S. emissions standards and similar tightening in Europe that have forced the diesel to become much cleaner (Cooper, 2006) have also driven up the price of the diesel (Passier et al, 2007;Smokers et al, 2006).…”

Section: B2 Fuel Savings Vs Cost Of Selected Hev and Diesel Powertrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highway vehicle electric drive in the United States : 2009 status and issues.

Santini¹

2011

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“…Target values were selected based on the work of Cooper et al[44] and the US Tier 2 Bin 5 regulations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of charge preparation strategies for controlled premixed charge compression ignition combustion using a variable pressure injection system

Kokjohn

Reitz

2010

International Journal of Engine Research

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This paper uses a multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code coupled with detailed chemistry, the KIVA-CHEMKIN code, to provide guidelines for solving problems with premixed combustion strategies, namely, lack of combustion phasing control, excessive pressure rise rate, and spray wall impingement due to early injections. A multiple injection concept is used to control combustion phasing and reduce the rate of peak pressure rise. To address spray-wall impingement, an adaptive injection strategy (AIS) using twoinjection pulses at different injection pressures is employed.The combustion process considered is at a mid-load operating condition for the light-duty engine of the present study (nominal indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) of 5.5 bar and high speed, 2000 r/min) and the effects of first and second pulse injection pressure and timing, swirl ratio, and spray targeting are explored. The investigation showed that an optimized lowpressure early cycle injection combined with a high-pressure near top dead centre (TDC) injection allows combustion phasing to be well controlled while achieving premixed compression ignition (PCI)-like emissions levels. An improved solution was found with near-zero nitric oxides (NO x ) and soot, a net indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC) of only 175 g/ kW h, and a peak pressure rise rate of ,8 bar/deg.

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Advanced Diesel Technology to Achieve Tier 2 Bin 5 Emissions Compliance in US Light-Duty Diesel Applications

Cited by 34 publications

References 3 publications

Effect of Load on Close-Coupled Post-Injection Efficacy for Soot Reduction in an Optical Heavy-Duty Diesel Research Engine

Effect of Load on Close-Coupled Post-Injection Efficacy for Soot Reduction in an Optical Heavy-Duty Diesel Research Engine

Highway vehicle electric drive in the United States : 2009 status and issues.

Investigation of charge preparation strategies for controlled premixed charge compression ignition combustion using a variable pressure injection system

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