Advanced DHA, EPA and ArA enrichment materials for marine aquaculture using single cell heterotrophs

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“…In this study, similar results to those obtained by the Control diet without any side effects on survival, growth, body and fatty acid composition of fish were obtained by the Mix diet, which contained both SBAE and Algamac products. The combination of microalgae strains can provide a wider range of fatty acids to obtain better dietary quality than by a single algae was previously suggested by Harel et al (2002). In the present study, the replacement of fish oil by microalgae products not only sustained survival rates but also yielded high growth rates and positively effected total LC-PUFA level of fish.…”

“…Different microalgae products have been studied for completely replacing fish oil in microdiets without any side effects on survival, growth and health of marine fish (Navarro and Sarasquete, 1998;Lazo et al, 2000;Harel et al, 2002;Miller et al, 2007;Li et al, 2009Eryalcin et al, 2013.The vital effect of EPA content on growth and survival was previously suggested by Ganuza et al (2008) who concluded that DHA rich single cell microorganisms in microdiets cannot replace completely fish based products. This requirement of EPA sources in microdiets for gilthead seabream larvae was also shown in other studies (Atalah et al, 2007;Eryalçın et al, 2013).…”

“…Recently, several studies have been focused on n-3 LC-PUFA production from microalgae (Kyle and Gladue, 1991;Kyle et al, 1992;de Swaaf, 2003;Pulz and Gross, 2004;Ratledge, 2004;Spolaore et al, 2006;Ganuza and Izquierdo, 2007;Castillo et al, 2009) and its effectiveness on partial or complete replacement of fish oil in marine fish feeds (Mustafa et al, 1995;Navarro and Sarasquete, 1998;Miller et al, 2007;Atalah et al, 2007;Ganuza et al, 2008;Eryalçın et al, 2013). Microorganism produced n-3 LC-PUFA oils in marine feeds should be obtained by not only one species but also more than one microorganism species, in order to sustain better n-3 LC-PUFA composition and to create a wide range of fatty acid composition (Harel et al, 2002). Several microalgae were investigated as alternative LC-PUFA sources and nowadays, these products are commercially available (Ratledge, 2001;de Swaaf, 2003;Ganuza and Izquierdo, 2007).…”

Production of High Docosahexaenoic Acid by <i>Schizochytrium</i> sp. Using Low-cost Raw Materials from Food Industry

“…It was also reported that DHA could lower the incidence of certain cardiovascular diseases 4 6 . Moreover, it has also been confirmed that marine fish larvae require n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, such as DHA for their development and survival 7,8 .…”

Producción de larvas de peces: Innovación y avances en la nutrición para contribuir al mejoramiento y escalamiento de los cultivos

“…Thus, further development of aquaculture seems to be dependant on the availability of other lipid sources alternative to fish oil (Bell et al, 2003). Moreover, competition for fish oil for its inclusion in human nutritional supplements and agricultural feeds other than for aquaculture will soon make fish oil a highly prized commodity (Harel et al, 2002). In addition, fish oil use has also other types of problems such as a poor oxidative stability (Swaaf et al, 1999), pollutants accumulation (Tonon et al, 2002), contamination with heavy metals and seasonal and species variation in of a very complex fatty acid profile (up to 50 different fatty acids may be present) (Medina et al, 1998).…”