“…In congenital syphilis, it commonly presents as bilateral stromal keratitis, but in acquired cases, it may present as a unilateral, nonulcerative, infiltrative keratitis with paracentral stromal edema and Necrotizing retinitis 37 Preretinal infiltrates 38 Exudative retinal detachment 39 Vasculitis 40,41 Pigmentary retinopathy 42 Central nervous system Pupils -Argyll-Robertson (miotic, irregular with light-near dissociation) 43,44 Argyll-Robertson 45 Extraocular movement -Cranial nerve palsies: CN3, CN4, CN6 Superior orbital fissure syndrome 46 Supranuclear gaze palsy 47 possible corneal neovascularization. 49 A retrospective report found that the majority of unilateral active IK cases were due to herpes simplex virus, while 48.5% of bilateral inactive cases were due to syphilis. 50 Importantly, syphilitic IK requires corticosteroid therapy as it appears to be an immunologic phenomenon directed against treponemal antigens deposited in the cornea.…”