Adult age differences in event-based prospective memory: A meta-analysis on the role of focal versus nonfocal cues.

Kliegel, Matthias; Jäger, Theodor; Phillips, Louise H.

doi:10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.203

Cited by 192 publications

(185 citation statements)

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“…Kliegel et al 2008;Zeintl et al 2007). Similarly, regarding performance in the Dresden Breakfast task prospective remembering was negatively affected in old adults as compared to young adults in both event-based and time-based tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Revisiting the age-prospective memory-paradox: the role of planning and task experience

et al. 2013

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The present study aimed at investigating agerelated differences in prospective memory performance using a paradigm with high ecological validity and experimental control. Thirty old and 30 young adults completed the Dresden Breakfast task; a meal preparation task in the lab that comprises several subtasks including event-and time-based prospective memory tasks. Participants were required to plan how to perform the task. Results showed that young adults outperformed old adults: they completed more subtasks, showed better event-and time-based prospective memory performance and planning quality. In contrast, old adults adhered to their plans more closely than young adults. Further exploratory gender-specific analyses indicated that old women did not differ from young men in time-based prospective memory performance, general task performance and time monitoring in contrast to old men. Possibly, differences in experience in breakfast preparation might account for these differential findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Revisiting the age-prospective memory-paradox: the role of planning and task experience

et al. 2013

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“…Note, however, that the present study employed a nonfocal PM target -a less marked age decline would be expected with a focal target (Kliegel, Jäger, & Phillips, 2008;Maylor, Darby, Logie, Della Sala, & Smith, 2002;McDaniel & Einstein, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Internet study of prospective memory across adulthood.

Logie¹,

Maylor²

2009

Psychology and Aging

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In an Internet study, 73,018 18-79-year-olds were asked to "remember to click the smiley face when it appears". A smiley face was present/absent at encoding, and participants were told to expect it "at the end of the test"/"later in the test." In all 4 conditions, it occurred after 20 min of retrospective memory tests. Prospective remembering benefited at all ages from both prior target exposure and temporal uncertainty; moreover, it resembled working memory in its linear decline from young adulthood. The study demonstrates the power of Internet methodology to reveal age-related deficits in a single-trial prospective memory task outside the laboratory.

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“…The level of these additional demands has been shown to depend on cue features, such as the salience of the PM cues in the context of the stimuli of the ongoing task (Einstein, McDaniel, Manzi, Cochran, & Baker, 2000) or the focality of the PM cues. Cue focality refers to the extent to which processing of the ongoing-task stimuli fosters processing of the relevant features of the PM cue Meiser & Schult, 2008;Scullin, McDaniel, Shelton, & Lee, 2010; see also Kliegel, Jäger, & Phillips, 2008 for a recent meta-analysis on cue focality and its effects on aging). Indeed, a substantial body of research has shown that the task interference effect is reduced (sometimes even to a nonsignificant level) and, at the same time, PM performance is increased when the features specifying a PM cue can be processed with little additional cognitive effort Harrison & Einstein, 2010;Marsh, Hicks, Cook, Hansen, & Pallos, 2003).…”

Section: Task Interference From Event-based Intentionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A diffusion model analysis of task interference effects in prospective memory

2011

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Holding an intention often interferes with other ongoing activities, indicating that resource-demanding processes are involved in maintaining the intention and noticing the appropriate event to fulfill it. Little is known, however, about the nature of the processes underlying this task interference effect. The goal of the present research was to decompose the processes contributing to the task interference effect by applying the diffusion model (Ratcliff, Psychological Review 85:59-108, 1978) to an event-based prospective memory task. In the first experiment, we validated the interpretation of the response criterion parameter (a) of the diffusion model as reflecting strategies to cope with the anticipated demands of a prospective memory task in the context of the ongoing task. The second experiment served to investigate which underlying processes contribute to the task interference often found with prospective memory tasks. Diffusion model analyses revealed that the task interference effect was due to (1) less efficient processing in the more demanding than in the less demanding prospective memory task and (2) a more conservative response criterion. We suggest that the anticipated demands and the additional processing demands of the prospective memory task jointly contribute to the task interference effect.

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Adult age differences in event-based prospective memory: A meta-analysis on the role of focal versus nonfocal cues.

Cited by 192 publications

References 65 publications

Revisiting the age-prospective memory-paradox: the role of planning and task experience

Revisiting the age-prospective memory-paradox: the role of planning and task experience

An Internet study of prospective memory across adulthood.

A diffusion model analysis of task interference effects in prospective memory

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