Adsorption of bacteriophages on bacterial cells

Letarov, Andrey V.; Kulikov, Eugene E.

doi:10.1134/s0006297917130053

Cited by 63 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…Consequently, receptor mutants are the most commonly found candidates that display phage resistance [48,49,52,57,87,89]. To confirm the validity of our approach, we looked for receptors recognized by many of the canonical phages used in this study for which there is published data available [49,50,[90][91][92][93][94][95][96]. Indeed, we found high fitness scores (fitness score > 10, corresponding to >1,000-fold enrichment of transposon mutants) for multiple known phage receptors ( Fig.…”

Section: Rb-tnseq Identifies Known Receptors and Host Factors For Allmentioning

confidence: 69%

High-throughput mapping of the phage resistance landscape inE. coli

Mutalik¹,

Adler²,

Rishi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Bacteriophages (phages) are critical players in the dynamics and function of microbial communities and drive processes as diverse as global biogeochemical cycles and human health. Phages tend to be predators finely tuned to attack specific hosts, even down to the strain level, which in turn defend themselves using an array of mechanisms. However, to date, efforts to rapidly and comprehensively identify bacterial host factors important in phage infection and resistance have yet to be fully realized. Here, we globally map the host genetic determinants involved in resistance to 14 phylogenetically diverse double-stranded DNA phages using two model Escherichia coli strains (K-12 and BL21) with known sequence divergence to demonstrate strain-specific differences. Using genome-wide loss-of-function and gain-of-function genetic technologies, we are able to confirm previously described phage receptors as well as uncover a number of previously unknown host factors that confer resistance to one or more of these phages. We uncover differences in resistance factors that strongly align with the susceptibility of K-12 and BL21 to specific phage. We also identify both phage specific mechanisms, such as the unexpected role of cyclic-di-GMP in host sensitivity to phage N4, and more generic defenses, such as the overproduction of colanic acid capsular polysaccharide that defends against a wide array of phages. Our results indicate that host responses to phages can occur via diverse cellular mechanisms. Our systematic and highthroughput genetic workflow to characterize phage-host interaction determinants can be extended to diverse bacteria to generate datasets that allow predictive models of how phagemediated selection will shape bacterial phenotype and evolution. The results of this study and future efforts to map the phage resistance landscape will lead to new insights into the coevolution of hosts and their phage, which can ultimately be used to design better phage therapeutic treatments and tools for precision microbiome engineering.3 Introduction:

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Section: Rb-tnseq Identifies Known Receptors and Host Factors For Allmentioning

confidence: 69%

High-throughput mapping of the phage resistance landscape inE. coli

Mutalik¹,

Adler²,

Rishi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Some phages are only able to infect a single or a small number of strains, while others can infect bacteria from different genera . These differences are determined by specific phage receptors present in the surface of the host cell (eg OmpC or lipopolysaccharide O‐antigen) …”

Section: Phage Biology: Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 These differences are determined by specific phage receptors present in the surface of the host cell (eg OmpC or lipopolysaccharide O-antigen). 10 Depending on the strategies used for bacterial infection and virion production, phages are described as either temperate or virulent ( Figure 1). Temperate phages display either productive or lysogenic cycles, while virulent phages are not capable of a lysogenic cycle, producing virions upon infection of the bacterial cell.…”

Section: Phag E B I Ology: Mechanis M Of Ac Ti O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: bacteriophages in gastroenterology—from biology to clinical applications

Sabino

Hirten

Colombel

2019

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Summary Background The gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal diseases. Its composition and function are shaped by host‐microbiota and intra‐microbiota interactions. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that target bacteria and have the potential to modulate bacterial communities. Aims To summarise phage biology and the clinical applications of phages in gastroenterology Methods PubMed was searched to identify relevant studies. Results Phages induce bacterial cell lysis, integration of viral DNA into the bacteria and/or coexistence in a stable equilibrium. Bacteria and phages have co‐evolved and their dynamic interactions are yet to be fully understood. The increasing need to modulate microbial communities (e.g., gut microbiota, multidrug‐resistant bacteria) has been a strong stimulus for research in phages as an antibacterial therapy. In gastroenterology, phage therapy has been mainly studied in infectious diseases such as cholera. However, it is currently being explored in several other circumstances such as treating Clostridioides difficile colitis, targeting adherent‐invasive Escherichia coli in Crohn's disease or eradicating Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer. Overall, phage therapy has a favourable and acceptable safety profile. Presently, trials with phage therapy are ongoing in Crohn's disease. Conclusions Phage therapy is a promising therapeutic tool against pathogenic bacteria in the fields of infectious diseases and gastroenterology. Randomised, placebo‐controlled trials with phage therapy for gastroenterological diseases are ongoing.

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“…Phage adaptation via co-evolution with bacterial hosts has also been extensively studied laboratory settings whereas relatively stable co-existence of phage and bacterial populations during multiple passages is generally observed (Scanlan et al 2011;Morley et al 2017;Scanlan et al 2017), see also reviews (Buckling and Brockhurst 2012;Golais et al 2013). Although the details of the dynamics of coevolutionary changes of phage and bacterial phenotypes vary depending on experimental design, in all the cases where the genetic background of phage adaptation was analysed, it was found that the phages generally evolved by accumulating point mutations or, less frequently, small insertions and deletions in genes that encode for their receptor recognition proteins (Meyer et al 2012;Akusobi et al 2018;Petrie et al 2018), see also reviews (Scanlan et al 2011;Letarov and Kulikov 2017). The relative simplicity of laboratory-based experiments however could actually be responsible for driving these observed types of changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phages associated with horses provide new insights into the dominance of lateral gene transfer in virulent bacteriophages evolution in natural systems

Babenko

Golomidova

Иванов

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Tailed bacteriophages (Caudovirales order) are omnipresent on our planet. Their impressive ecological and evolutionary success largely relies on the bacteriophage potential to adapt to great variety of the environmental conditions found in the Biosphere. It is believed that the adaptation of bacteriophages, including short time scale adaptation, is achieved almost exclusively via the (micro)evolution processes. In order to analyze the major mechanisms driving adaptation of phage genomes in a natural habitat we used comparative genomics of G7C-like coliphage isolates obtained during 7 years period from the feces of the horses belonging to a local population. The data suggest that even at this relatively short time scale the impact of various recombination events overwhelms the impact of the accumulation of point mutations. The access to the large pool of the genes of a complex microbial and viral community of the animal gut had major effect on the evolutionary trajectories of these phages. Thus the "real world" bacteriophage evolution mechanisms may differ significantly from those observed in the simplified laboratory model systems.

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Adsorption of bacteriophages on bacterial cells

Cited by 63 publications

References 175 publications

High-throughput mapping of the phage resistance landscape inE. coli

High-throughput mapping of the phage resistance landscape inE. coli

Review article: bacteriophages in gastroenterology—from biology to clinical applications

Phages associated with horses provide new insights into the dominance of lateral gene transfer in virulent bacteriophages evolution in natural systems

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