Review article: bacteriophages in gastroenterology—from biology to clinical applications

Sabino, João; Hirten, Robert; Colombel, Jean Fréd́eric

doi:10.1111/apt.15557

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…Members of the genus Fusobacterium are a group of commensal Gram-negative anaerobes belonging to the phylum Fusobacteria. They are usually found in the human oral cavity and are closely associated with periodontal diseases [52]. In our study, we performed a 16S-rRNA gene analysis on colon content samples from all 14 piglets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Level and Infantile Diarrhea in a Postweaning Piglet Model

Gao

Yin

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

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Infantile diarrhea is a serious public health problem around worldwide and results in millions of deaths each year. The levels and sources of dietary protein are potential sources of diarrhea, but the relationship between the pathogenesis causes of infantile diarrhea and protein intake remains poorly understood. Many studies have indicated that the key to understanding the relationship between the protein in the diet and the postweaning diarrhea of piglets is to explore the influences of protein sources and levels on the mammalian digestion system. The current study was designed to control diarrhea control by choosing different protein levels in the diet and aimed at providing efficient regulatory measures for infantile diarrhea by controlling the protein levels in diets using a postweaning piglets model. To avoid influences from other protein sources, casein was used as the only protein source in this study. Fourteen piglets (7.98±0.14 kg, weaned at 28 d) were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments: a control group (Cont, containing 17% casein) and a high protein group (HP, containing 30% casein). The experiment lasted for two weeks and all animals were free to eat and drink water ad libitum. The diarrhea score (1=normal; 3=watery diarrhea) and growth performance were recorded daily. The results showed that the piglets in HP group had persistent diarrhea during the whole study, while no diarrhea was noticed in the control groups. Also, the feed intake and body weights were reduced in the HP groups compared with the other group (P<0.05). The diarrhea-related mRNA abundances were analyzed by real-time PCR; the results showed that HP treatment markedly decreased the expression of aquaporin (AQP, P<0.05) and the tight junction protein (P<0.05), but increased inflammatory cytokines (P<0.01) than those in control group. In addition, the Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway (P<0.01) was inhibited in the HP group. Intestinal microbiota was tested by 16S sequencing, and we found that the HP group had a low diversity compared the other group. In conclusion, despite being highly digestible, a high casein diet induced postweaning diarrhea and reduced the growth performance of the postweaning piglets. Meanwhile, AQP, tight junction protein, and intestinal immune were compromised. Thus, the mechanism of how a highly digestible protein diet induces diarrhea might be associated with the AMPK signaling pathway and intestinal microbiome.

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confidence: 99%

Protein Level and Infantile Diarrhea in a Postweaning Piglet Model

Gao

Yin

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

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“…In the fields of infectious diseases and gastroenterology, Sabino et al 24 show that phage therapy is a promising therapeutic tool against pathogenic bacteria. Randomized, placebo-controlled studies with phage therapy for gastroenterological diseases are ongoing 24 .…”

Section: Bacteriophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternativas terapêuticas e aplicação de bacteriófagos como estratégia no uso de antibióticos no tratamento de doenças bacterianas

Dellalibera-Joviliano¹,

Melo²,

Ceni³

2020

Rev. Med. (São Paulo)

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Resistance to treatment of different microorganisms has been considered a major concern in the public health and medical fields. Pharmacological, microbiological, immunological approaches and the search for therapeutic alternatives have gained prominence in this area in order to understand the theme. In this context, the objective was to compile information correlating with alternative therapies with the problem of bacterial diseases in view of the multidrug resistance developed by antibiotic superbugs, since they represent the main treatment used in patients with these comorbidities. The electronic bases used as facilitators of the theme included SciELO, PubMed, MEDLINE and LILACS, period 2010-2019. From the active approaches, it is observed that the expansion of the therapeutic collection and prolongation of treatment to all periods of the natural process of bacterial diseases, avoiding the imminent seclusion regarding the offer of treatments to the most distinct cases of resistance, is considered a differential aspect. Still, aiming at solving this impasse, seeking effective therapeutic alternatives in the treatment of the most varied cases of bacterial diseases, and the possibility of its execution, either exclusively or mainly complementary to the use of antibiotics. Multiple intervention possibilities have been considered to include haemofiltration devices, quorum detection inhibitors, advanced immunotherapies, bacteriophage use, alternative efforts to limit virulence, integrative medicine measures such as homeopathy and herbal medicine. After the analysis, it was concluded that due to its efficacy and selective mechanism of action among the therapeutic alternatives found, the most promising was the application of bacteriophages.

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“…The -omics may allow us to identify novel therapeutic agents such as bacteriophages which alter pathogenic dysbiosis favourably. 12 Functionality studies will allow us to understand how our bacteria affect the gut-brain axis and modulate our psyche and similar studies looking at methylation will alter our perception on why and when we develop life-style diseases and some cancers and autoimmune states.…”

Section: Precision Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%