Adsorption and Diffusion of Dinitroaniline Herbicides in Soils

Abstract

Adsorption of benefin (N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine), dinitramine (N4,N4-diethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), fluchloralin [N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide), profluralin [N-(cyclopropylmethyl)-α,α,α-tri-fluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-p-toluidine], and trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) was studied in 10 Wisconsin soils. Ratios of the quantity of each herbicide adsorbed and quantities remaining in the soil solution at equilibrium (Kd value) on a Piano silt loam (Typic Argiudoll fine-silty, mixed, mesic) remained relatively constant over a range of concentrations. Herbicide adsorption by the soils was related more closely to soil organic matter than to the other soil chemical and physical properties. Diffusion of the herbicides in Piano silt loam was affected by soil water. Diffusion of trifluralin, profluralin and benefin decreased as soil water increased. Diffusion of dinitramine and fluchloralin did not change significantly with change in water content. Diffusion of oryzalin increased at the highest soil water content. None of the herbicides moved more than 10 mm in the soil during a 17-day period. In unsaturated Piano silt loam, relative mobility of the herbicides was trifluralin ≥benefin>profluralin>fluchloralin>dinitramine≥oryzalin. Oryzalin reached highest mobility in water-saturated soil.

Persistence and management of dinitroaniline herbicides residues in sandy loam soil

“…In the current study, the persistence of all three dinitroaniline herbicides was decreased with addition of FYM. These results were in agreement with the findings of Jacques and Harvey (1979); An and Chen (1993) and Patel et al (1996). All these authors also observed that dinitroaniline herbicides residues decreased with an incorporation of FYM and faster degradation of herbicides in soil with organic matter.…”

Environmental Fate of Trifluralin

“…Jacques and Harvey (1979a) reported that the adsorption of trifluralin in 10 Wisconsin soils (mean Koe, 810) increased with increasing soil organic matter content (Table 7). Similar correlations with soil organic matter were reported by Grover et al (1979) for 5 Saskatchewan soils (mean Koe, 7,296), Moyer (1979) for 11 Manitoba soils (Koc, 10,945), Peter and Weber (1985) for 9 North Carolina soils (mean Koe, 4,563), and Saunders and Powers (1988) for 4 soils (mean Koc, 9,543) obtained from various locations in the U.S.…”

Adsorption and Efficacy of Trifluralin and Butralin as Influenced by Soil Properties

“…Soil organic matter was the soil component most highly related to the adsorption of the herbicides by the nine soils. Jacques and Harvey (18) found the adsorption of several dinitroaniline herbicides to be more highly related to organic-matter content than to other soil parameters. Significant correlation did exist between herbicide adsorption and clay content of the soils, and the inclusion of both organic-matter and clay contents through multiple regression analysis was highly significant, suggesting that both organic and clay surfaces probably adsorbed the two herbicides (Table 7).…”