Adrenal medullary responses to stimulation of the splanchnic nerve in the conscious calf.

Edwards, A V; Furness, Peter; Helle, Karen B.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1980.sp013458

Cited by 64 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although the release of DBH -is considered to be an index of the exocytotic release of catecholamine from adrenal gland (Viveros et al 1968) and sympathetic neurones (De Potter, De Schaepdryver, Moerman & Smith, 1969), it has been reported that the time course of catecholamine secretion was different from that of concomitant DBH secretion in both tissues (Cubeddu et al 1974; Dixon et al 1975;Jacobs et al 158 S. ITO 1978;Edwards et al 1980;Ito et al 1980;Muscholl et al 1980). It may be possible that delayed output of DBH, compared with catecholamine secretion, results from a delayed washout of DBH from the release site into the circulation because of the presence of diffusion barriers for this large protein.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has, however, been reported that the time course of DBH secretion was different from that of catecholamine secretion in perfused adrenal glands of cat (Dixon, Garcia & Kirpekar, 1975), ox (Jacobs, Henry, Johnson & Williams, 1978) and guinea-pig (Ito, Nakazato & Ohga, 1980) and in adrenal gland of conscious calf (Edwards, Furness & Helle, 1980). DBH secretion from sympathetic neurones also lagged behind catecholamine secretion in perfused cat spleen (Cubeddu, Barnes, Langer & Weiner, 1974) and rabbit heart (Muscholl, Racke & Ritzel, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time course of release of catecholamine and other granular contents from perifused adrenal chromaffin cells of guinea‐pig.

Ito¹

1983

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Experiments were carried out to investigate the time course of the release of catecholamine, dopamine-,8-hydroxylase (DBH) and adenine nucleotides from isolated chromaffin cells of guinea-pig adrenal gland.2. When the isolated chromaffin cells were incubated with medium containing acetylcholine (ACh) (0-1 mM), veratridine (0-1 mM) or scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) venom, (10 ,ug/ml.), catecholamine was released into the medium. Catecholamine secretion induced by veratridine or scorpion venom was inhibited by tetrodotoxin (1 gM) but not by atropine (0-1 mM) plus hexamethonium (041 mM). On the other hand, the secretary response to ACh was abolished by the cholinergic blocking drugs but not by tetrodotoxin.3. DBH was released together with catecholamine into the medium in which cells were suspended with these drugs. The ratio of catecholamine (n-mole) to DBH activity (n-mole/hr) appearing in the supernatant was 7-08 + 055, 6-60 + 0X27 and 8X91 + 0 47 for ACh, veratridine and scorpion venom, respectively. These values were close to that found in the lysate of chromaffin granules obtained from guinea-pig adrenal glands (7-37 + 0-39).4. The application of ACh or veratridine to perifused chromaffin cells was found to cause a parallel increase in catecholamine and DBH secretion in the perifusion medium without corresponding amounts of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase leakage. However, DBH secretion tended to last for a longer period than catecholamine secretion.5. Adenine nucleotides were released from perifused chromaffin cells together with catecholamine, by ACh and veratridine. ATP added to the perifusion medium was metabolized to ADP and AMP, of which the ratio (ATP, 21-6 %; ADP, 34 %; AMP, 17-9 %) was close to those of adenine nucleotides released from the cells.6. The secretion ofadenine nucleotides induced by both secretagogues ceased much faster than the catecholamine secretion, so that the molar ratio of catecholamine to adenine nucleotides was gradually increased during and after stimulation. 7. The results indicate that catecholamine secretion is accompanied with a simultaneous release of DBH and ATP from adrenal chromaffin cells. Therefore, it is suggested that the delayed output of DBH, unlike catecholamine secretion, in perfused adrenal glands results from the presence of a diffusion barrier for this protein. The releasable secretary granules of isolated chromaffin cells are suggested to be heterogeneous with respect to the ratio of catecholamine to ATP.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time course of release of catecholamine and other granular contents from perifused adrenal chromaffin cells of guinea‐pig.

Ito¹

1983

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Barbiturate anaesthesia inhibits the output of both adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation at high frequency, although the reduction in adrenaline release is greater than that of noradrenaline. The output of adrenaline is also reduced by chloralose during splanchnic nerve stimulation at high or low frequencies, whereas that of noradrenaline is inhibited at low but potentiated at high frequencies (Edwards, Furness & Helle, 1980). Splanchnic nerve stimulation also inhibits the release of insulin and promotes that of glucagon from the pancreatic islets in anaesthetized calves (Bloom, Edwards & Vaughan, 1973;Bloom & Edwards, 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic endocrine responses to stimulation of the peripheral ends of the splanchnic nerves in the conscious adrenalectomized calf.

Bloom¹,

Edwards²

1980

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Certain effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of both splanchnic nerves have been investigated in unanaesthetized calves, given appropriate adrenal steroid replacement therapy.2. Splanchnic nerve stimulation at frequencies within the physiological range produced prompt rises in the concentration of glucose, pancreatic glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide in the arterial plasma. These responses were followed by a rapid rise in plasma insulin concentration when the stimulus was terminated. The extent of this rise was related to the plasma glucose concentration at that precise point in time.3. Stimulation at all frequencies tested had no effect on the concentration of vasoactive intestinal peptide in lymph collected from the intestinal duct.4. The results are discussed in relation to those obtained in previous studies in anaesthetized calves of the same age. INTTRODUCTIONRelease of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla, in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation in the calf, is now known to be substantially modified by anaesthetic agents. Barbiturate anaesthesia inhibits the output of both adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation at high frequency, although the reduction in adrenaline release is greater than that of noradrenaline. The output of adrenaline is also reduced by chloralose during splanchnic nerve stimulation at high or low frequencies, whereas that of noradrenaline is inhibited at low but potentiated at high frequencies (Edwards, Furness & Helle, 1980). Splanchnic nerve stimulation also inhibits the release of insulin and promotes that of glucagon from the pancreatic islets in anaesthetized calves (Bloom, Edwards & Vaughan, 1973;Bloom & Edwards, 1978). The present experiments were designed to examine the pancreatic neuroendocrine responses to sympathetic stimulation in conscious calves in order to assess the extent to which these might also be modified by anaesthetic agents. The results show that stimulation of the splanchnic sympathetic innerva-0022-3751/80/2280-0727 $07.50

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“…In this regard, it should be noted that differential releases of the two catecholamines have been known to occur under various stimuli (EDWARDS et al, 1980). The present study is the first to report on the occurrence of the Purkinje cellspecific spot 35 protein in nerve cells in the peripheral nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Cerebellar Purkinje cell-specific protein-like immunoreactivity in noradrenalin-chromaffin cells and ganglion cells but not in adrenaline-chromaffin cells in the rat adrenal medulla.

Kondo

Kuramoto

Iwanaga

et al. 1985

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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Adrenal medullary responses to stimulation of the splanchnic nerve in the conscious calf.

Cited by 64 publications

References 18 publications

Time course of release of catecholamine and other granular contents from perifused adrenal chromaffin cells of guinea‐pig.

Time course of release of catecholamine and other granular contents from perifused adrenal chromaffin cells of guinea‐pig.

Pancreatic endocrine responses to stimulation of the peripheral ends of the splanchnic nerves in the conscious adrenalectomized calf.

Cerebellar Purkinje cell-specific protein-like immunoreactivity in noradrenalin-chromaffin cells and ganglion cells but not in adrenaline-chromaffin cells in the rat adrenal medulla.

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