ADORA2A C Allele Carriers Exhibit Ergogenic Responses to Caffeine Supplementation

Grgić, Jozo; Pickering, Craig; Bishop, David; Coso, Juan Del; Schöenfeld, Brad J.; Tinsley, Grant M.; Pedišić, Željko

doi:10.3390/nu12030741

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Initially, three groups were created for the CYP1A2 gene (i.e., CC, CA, and AA) and for the ADORA2A gene (i.e., TT, CT, and CC). However, C-allele carriers in the CYP1A2 gene [24] and C-allele carriers in the ADORA2A gene [24,40] were clustered in the same group following previous investigations.…”

Section: Experimental Designsupporting

confidence: 57%

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Effects of CYP1A2 and ADORA2A Genotypes on the Ergogenic Response to Caffeine in Professional Handball Players

Muñoz

López-Samanés

Aguilar-Navarro

et al. 2020

Genes

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Previous investigations have found that several genes may be associated with the interindividual variability to the ergogenic response to caffeine. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of the genetic variations in CYP1A2 (−163C > A, rs762551; characterized such as “fast” (AA genotype) and “slow” caffeine metabolizers (C-carriers)) and ADORA2A (1976T > C; rs5751876; characterized by “high” (TT genotype) or “low” sensitivity to caffeine (C-carriers)) on the ergogenic response to acute caffeine intake in professional handball players. Thirty-one professional handball players (sixteen men and fifteen women; daily caffeine intake = 60 ± 25 mg·d−1) ingested 3 mg·kg−1·body mass (bm) of caffeine or placebo 60 min before undergoing a battery of performance tests consisting of a countermovement jump (CMJ), a sprint test, an agility test, an isometric handgrip test, and several ball throws. Afterwards, the handball players performed a simulated handball match (2 × 20 min) while movements were recorded using inertial units. Saliva samples were analyzed to determine the genotype of each player for the −163C > A polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene (rs762551) and for the 1976T > C polymorphism in the ADORA2A gene (rs5751876). In the CYP1A2, C-allele carriers (54.8%) were compared to AA homozygotes (45.2%). In the ADORA2A, C-allele carriers (80.6%) were compared to TT homozygotes (19.4%). There was only a genotype x treatment interaction for the ball throwing from 7 m (p = 0.037) indicating that the ergogenic effect of caffeine on this test was higher in CYP1A2 AA homozygotes than in C-allele carriers. In the remaining variables, there were no genotype x treatment interactions for CYP1A2 or for ADORA2A. As a whole group, caffeine increased CMJ height, performance in the sprint velocity test, and ball throwing velocity from 9 m (2.8–4.3%, p = 0.001–0.022, effect size = 0.17–0.31). Thus, pre-exercise caffeine supplementation at a dose of 3 mg·kg−1·bm can be considered as an ergogenic strategy to enhance some neuromuscular aspects of handball performance in professional handball players with low daily caffeine consumption. However, the ergogenic response to acute caffeine intake was not modulated by CYP1A2 or ADORA2A genotypes.

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Section: Experimental Designsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…One study reported higher improvements in TT athletes compared to C-Carriers in cycling performance [39]. However, the ergogenic response after acute caffeine intake in C-allele carriers has also been found in subsequent investigations [24,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of CYP1A2 and ADORA2A Genotypes on the Ergogenic Response to Caffeine in Professional Handball Players

Muñoz

López-Samanés

Aguilar-Navarro

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Victoria University Human Research Ethics Committee (HRE19-019). The remaining data of the project are published elsewhere [16]. Before enrolling in the study, every participant signed an informed consent and filled out a Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance

Grgić

Pickering

Bishop

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background: It has been suggested that polymorphisms within CYP1A2 impact inter-individual variation in the response to caffeine. The purpose of this study was to explore the acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance in a sample of resistance-trained men, and to examine the influence of genetic variation of CYP1A2 (rs762551) on the individual variation in responses to caffeine ingestion.Methods: Twenty-two men were included as participants (AA homozygotes n = 13; C-allele carriers n = 9) and were tested after the ingestion of caffeine (3 mg/kg of body mass) and a placebo. Exercise performance was assessed with the following outcomes: (a) movement velocity and power output in the bench press exercise with loads of 25, 50, 75, and 90% of one-repetition maximum (1RM); (b) quality and quantity of performed repetitions in the bench press exercise performed to muscular failure with 85% 1RM; (c) vertical jump height in a countermovement jump test; and (d) power output in a Wingate test.Results: Compared to placebo, caffeine ingestion enhanced: (a) movement velocity and power output across all loads (effect size [ES]: 0.20-0.61; p < 0.05 for all); (b) the quality and quantity of performed repetitions with 85% of 1RM (ES: 0.27-0.85; p < 0.001 for all); (c) vertical jump height (ES: 0.15; p = 0.017); and (d) power output in the Wingate test (ES: 0.33-0.44; p < 0.05 for all). We did not find a significant genotype × caffeine interaction effect (pvalues ranged from 0.094 to 0.994) in any of the analyzed performance outcomes.Conclusions: Resistance-trained men may experience acute improvements in resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance following the ingestion of caffeine. The comparisons of the effects of caffeine on exercise performance between individuals with the AA genotype and AC/CC genotypes found no significant differences.

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“…Establishing a cause of these divergences is not an easy task since several variables can affect HRV analysis, such as sex [33], body position [34], body mass index [35], nutritional status [36], functional condition [37], corresponding heart rate [38], cardiorespiratory fitness [39] and age [40]. In that same sense, the physiological and functional response to caffeine ingestion also depends on various factors such as individual caffeine habituation [41], caffeine dosage [42], sex [43], functional condition adopted to analysis [32], genetic profile [44], caffeine expectancies [45] and some other neuromuscular characteristics [46]. Thus, it is plausible to infer that the autonomic response to caffeine ingestion is dependent on several independent variables, and the increase of cardiac parasympathetic and global modulations observed in this study may be limited to our study design and participants' characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of varying doses of caffeine on cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following an acute bout of anaerobic exercise in recreational athletes

Sarshin

Naderi

Cruz

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background: To examine the effects of varying doses of caffeine on autonomic reactivation following anaerobic exercise. Methods: Recreationally active males (N = 20; 24 ± 2y) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled, crossover study where participants ingested: [1] Control (CON; no supplement), [2] a non-caffeinated placebo (PLA), [3] 3-mg•kg − 1 of caffeine (CAF3) or [4] 6-mg•kg − 1 of caffeine (CAF6) prior to Wingate testing. Parasympathetic (lnRMSSD, primary outcome) and global HRV (lnSDNN, secondary outcome) were assessed at rest (i.e., pre-ingestion), 45-min post-ingestion, and 5-min and 35-min post-exercise recovery. We used a GLM to assess mean (95% CI) changes from pre-ingestion baseline. Results: Overall, we observed a significant trend for lnRMSSD and lnSDNN (both, p = 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.745). Forty-five minutes after treatment ingestion, we observed a significant increase in lnRMSSD for CAF3 (0.15 ms, 95%CI, 0.07, 0.24) and CAF6 (0.16 ms, 95%CI, 0.06,0.25), both being significant (both, p < 0.004) vs. CON (− 0.02 ms, 95%CI, − 0.09, 0.04). Five-minutes after exercise, all treatments demonstrated significant declines in lnRMSSD vs. baseline (all, p < 0.001). After 35-min of recovery, lnRMSSD returned to a level not significantly different than baseline for CAF3 (0.03 ms, 95%CI, − 0.05, 0.12) and CAF6 (− 0.03 ms, 95%CI, − 0.17, 0.10), while PLA (− 0.16 ms, 95%CI, − 0.25, − 0.06) and CON (− 0.17 ms, 95%CI, − 0.28, − 0.07) treatments remained significantly depressed. A similar pattern was also observed for SDNN. Conclusion: Caffeine ingestion increases resting cardiac autonomic modulation and accelerates post-exercise autonomic recovery after a bout of anaerobic exercise in recreationally active young men. However, no differences between caffeine doses on cardiac autonomic reactivity were observed.

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ADORA2A C Allele Carriers Exhibit Ergogenic Responses to Caffeine Supplementation

Cited by 40 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of CYP1A2 and ADORA2A Genotypes on the Ergogenic Response to Caffeine in Professional Handball Players

Effects of CYP1A2 and ADORA2A Genotypes on the Ergogenic Response to Caffeine in Professional Handball Players

CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance

The effects of varying doses of caffeine on cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following an acute bout of anaerobic exercise in recreational athletes

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