Adolescent stress and future smoking behaviour

Tobacco Smoking in Adolescence Predicts Maladaptive Coping Styles in Adulthood

“…Short-term follow-up studies in adolescence have sought to describe the causal direction of this relationship, especially in the context of adolescent stress predicting the uptake of cigarette smoking (Byrne & Mazanov, 2003;Wills et al, 2002). Our results are consistent with the view that tobacco smoking may inhibit the development of self-efficacy or the confidence in one's ability to act in a given situation (Etter et al, 2000).…”

“…Among young New Zealand (NZ) adolescents aged 13 years, friendship and wanting to join in were given as the two most frequent reasons to begin smoking, followed by relaxation and helping to stop worrying about things, both of which were rated more highly than image as a reason to smoke (Stanton, Mahalski, McGee, & Silva 1993). There is some evidence to indicate that this association between smoking and stress may be stronger among adolescent girls than among boys (Booker et al, 2007;Byrne & Mazanov, 2003), although not all studies have found this gender difference (Wills, Sandy, & Yaeger, 2002).…”

“…Other research has relied on short-term longitudinal studies that followed young smokers from initiation to sustained smoking over several years (e.g., Byrne & Mazanov, 2003;Koval & Peterson, 1999;Wills et al, 2002). However, rates of daily smoking in these studies of adolescents can be relatively low, leading to a reliance on weaker definitions of smoking such as "ever smoked and not quit.…”

“…Finally, evidence suggests that there may be gender-based differences in the relationships between stress-and-coping and later smoking (Byrne & Mazanov, 2003;Strine et al, 2012). Given differences between adolescent boys and girls both in terms of experienced distress (Byrne & Mazanov, 2003;, coping behaviors (Nada Raja, McGee, & Stanton, 1992), and rates of smoking in NZ (Stanton, 1995), we also examine gender-based differences in the relationships between smoking and coping in later adulthood..…”

“…Given differences between adolescent boys and girls both in terms of experienced distress (Byrne & Mazanov, 2003;, coping behaviors (Nada Raja, McGee, & Stanton, 1992), and rates of smoking in NZ (Stanton, 1995), we also examine gender-based differences in the relationships between smoking and coping in later adulthood..…”