Adolescent girls, illegal abortions and “sugar-daddies” in Dar es Salaam: vulnerable victims and active social agents

Silberschmidt, Margrethe; Rasch, Vibeke

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00299-9

Cited by 241 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Often referred to as transactional sex, it is a motive for women to have sex in situations where they might otherwise refrain (Hunter, 2002;Jewkes, Vundule et al, 2001;Kaufman & Stavrou, 2004;MacPhail & Campbell, 2001;Meekers & Calves, 1997;Nyanzi, Pool et al, 2001;Wood & Jewkes, 2001), and has been noted as a potential source of women's vulnerability to genderbased violence and sexual exploitation (Dunkle, Jewkes et al, 2004a;Luke, 2003;Nyanzi, Pool, & Kinsman, 2001;Wojcicki & Malala, 2001). Research in a number of sub-Saharan African contexts has conclusively demonstrated that exchange of sex for material resources is common practice, and that the vast majority of women who engage in such transactions do not identify as sex workers (Hunter, 2002;Leclerc-Madlala, 2003;Luke, 2003;MacPhail & Campbell, 2001;Matasha, Ntembelea et al, 1998;Nyanzi, Pool, & Kinsman, 2001;Nzyuko, Lurie et al, 1997;Silberschmidt & Rasch, 2001;Wojcicki & Malala, 2001;Wood & Jewkes, 2001). However, research on the origins and implications of this behaviour remains limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transactional sex among women is often motivated by basic survival and subsistence needs (Hunter, 2002;Leclerc-Madlala, 2003;Luke, 2003;Wojcicki, 2002) but young women whose access to resources is circumscribed may also use transactional sex to help advance their education, gain employment or business opportunities, or simply achieve higher status in youth cultures which prioritise conspicuous consumption (Hunter, 2002;Kaufman & Stavrou, 2004;Leclerc-Madlala, 2001;Luke, 2003;Nyanzi, Pool, & Kinsman, 2001;Silberschmidt & Rasch, 2001). Of particular concern is the way in which financial or material need can introduce an explicit power imbalance into sexual relations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transactional sex with casual and main partners among young South African men in the rural Eastern Cape: Prevalence, predictors, and associations with gender-based violence

Dunkle

Jewkes

Nduna

et al. 2007

Social Science & Medicine

263

256

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We explored the prevalence and predictors of transactional sex with casual partners and main girlfriends among 1,288 men aged 15-26 from 70 villages in the rural Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with young men enrolling in the Stepping Stones HIV prevention trial. A total of 17.7% of participants reported giving material resources or money to casual sex partners and 6.6% received resources from a casual partner. Transactionally motivated relationships with main girlfriends were more balanced between giving (14.9%) and getting (14.3%). We constructed multivariable models to identify the predictors for giving and for getting material resources in casual and in main relationships. Each model resulted in remarkably similar predictors. All four types of exchange were associated with higher socio-economic status, more adverse childhood experiences, more lifetime sexual partners, and alcohol use. Men who were more resistant to peer pressure to have sex were less likely to report transactional sex with casual partners, and men who reported more equitable gender attitudes were less likely to report main partnerships underpinned by exchange. The most consistent predictor of all four types of transaction was the perpetration of intimate partner violence and rape against women other than a main partner. The strong and consistent association between perpetration of gender-based violence and both giving and getting material goods from female partners suggests that transactional sex in both main and casual relationships can be viewed within a broader continuum of men's exercise of gendered power Corresponding Author

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transactional sex with casual and main partners among young South African men in the rural Eastern Cape: Prevalence, predictors, and associations with gender-based violence

Dunkle

Jewkes

Nduna

et al. 2007

Social Science & Medicine

263

256

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“…A number of studies show how young women are also invested in transactional relationships with more resourced and older men for both status and access to material goods, and may be active participants in these partnerships (Jones 2006;Nkosasana & Rosenthal 2007;Silberschmidt & Rasch 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxi ‘sugar daddies’ and taxi queens: Male taxi driver attitudes regarding transactional relationships in the Western Cape, South Africa

Potgieter¹,

Strebel

Shefer

et al. 2012

SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS

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Media reports are emerging on the phenomenon of young girls who travel with older mini-bus taxi drivers, and who are thought to have sex with the drivers in exchange for gifts and money. The extent to which such relationships might facilitate unsafe sexual practices and increased risks for both the men and the young women, often referred to as taxi queens, remains an important question in the light of the current challenges of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. However, very little research has been undertaken on this issue, especially regarding the perceptions and experiences of taxi drivers. Thus this paper aims to provide some preliminary findings on taxi drivers' attitudes and beliefs about taxi queens and their relationships with taxi drivers. A 22-item questionnaire was administered to 223 male taxi drivers in two regions in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Taxi drivers in this study largely saw the relationship between taxi drivers and the young girls who ride with them as providing status for both the girls and drivers, and there seemed to be recognition of the transactional nature of the relationship between taxi drivers and taxi queens. The stigmatisation of young girls who ride with taxi drivers was evident. Drivers had knowledge and awareness of the risks of unsafe sex and supported condom use, although there appeared to be some uncertainty and confusion about the likelihood of HIV infection between drivers and girls. While taxi drivers recognised the role of alcohol in relationships with young girls, they seemed to deny that the abuse of drugs was common. The study highlights a number of key areas that need to be explored with men in the taxi industry, in order to address risk behaviours for both taxi drivers and the girls who ride with them.Keywords: taxi drivers, taxi queens, intergenerational sex, transactional sex, HIV/AIDS risk RésuméLes rapports des médias font leur apparition sur le phénomène des jeunes filles qui voyagent avec les chauffeurs agés de taxi minibus, et qui sont soupconnés d'avoir des rapports sexuels avec ces derniers en échange des cadeaux et de l'argent. Le dégré auquel de telles relations pourraient faciliter les pratiques sexuelles non protégées et les risques accrus pour les deux: les hommes et les jeunes femmes, souvent designées comme les 'taxi queens', reste une question importante à la lumière des défis actuels du VIH/SIDA en Afrique Sub-saharienne. Cependant, très peu de recherches ont été menées sur cette question, en particulier en ce qui concerne les perceptions et les expériences des chauffeurs de taxi. Ainsi, ce document vise à fournir quelques conclusions préliminaires sur les attitudes des chauffeurs de taxi et les croyances au sujet des 'taxi queens' et leurs relations avec les chauffeurs de taxi. Un questionnaire de 22 points a été administré à 223 chauffeurs de taxi de sexe masculin dans deux regions de la province de Western Cape, Afrique du Sud. Dans cette étude,les chauffeurs de taxi en grande partie ont vu que la relation entre les chauffeur...

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“…[4][5][6][7][8][9] "Gifts have become a symbol of the girl's worth and a man's interest, and girls feel offended if they do not receive something." 4pg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Meanings of Exchange of Money or Gifts for Sex in Unmarried Adolescent Sexual Relationships in Sub-Saharan Africa

Moore¹,

Biddlecom²,

Zulu³

2007

African Journal of Reproductive Health

111

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Using national survey data collected in 2004 in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Malawi, and Uganda with 12-19 year olds, we examine the prevalence of sex in exchange for money or gifts in the 12 months prior to the survey and its association with adolescents' social and economic vulnerability and condom use. Receiving something in exchange for sex is very common among sexually active, unmarried female adolescents and there are no significant differences by household economic status, orphan status, level of schooling completed or age difference between partners. Condom use at last sex in the 12 months prior to the survey is not associated with receiving gifts or money. Qualitative data based on focus group discussions and in-depth interviews collected in 2003 with adolescents suggest that receiving money or gifts for sex is not necessarily a coercive force, but rather can be a routine aspect of dating.

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Adolescent girls, illegal abortions and “sugar-daddies” in Dar es Salaam: vulnerable victims and active social agents

Cited by 241 publications

References 12 publications

Transactional sex with casual and main partners among young South African men in the rural Eastern Cape: Prevalence, predictors, and associations with gender-based violence

Transactional sex with casual and main partners among young South African men in the rural Eastern Cape: Prevalence, predictors, and associations with gender-based violence

Taxi ‘sugar daddies’ and taxi queens: Male taxi driver attitudes regarding transactional relationships in the Western Cape, South Africa

Prevalence and Meanings of Exchange of Money or Gifts for Sex in Unmarried Adolescent Sexual Relationships in Sub-Saharan Africa

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