Adolescent and Adult Heart Rate Responses to Self‐Administered Ethanol

Ristuccia, Robert C.; Spear, Linda P.

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00752.x

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Such differences have not been ubiquitous (e.g., Siegmund et al, 2005), however, and perhaps especially when alcohol access was not provided until late adolescence (as in Doherty and Gonzales, 2015; Schramm-Sapyta et al, 2010). Adolescent rats seem to find ethanol to be more rewarding than adults when indexed via second order conditioning (Pautassi et al, 2008) and the heart-rate response to ethanol consumption (Ristuccia and Spear, 2008), whereas adolescent mice exhibit this via a greater locomotor stimulant effect to acute challenge with ethanol during the rise in blood alcohol levels shortly after administration (Quoilin et al, 2010). Yet, evidence for greater reward sensitivity during adolescence was not seen in mice when indexed via CPP (Song et al, 2007; Dickinson et al, 2009), perhaps due to induction of conditioned activity that may compete with expression of CPP (see Camarini and Pautassi, 2016, for discussion).…”

Section: Adolescent Sensitivity To Rewardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward-centricity and attenuated aversions: An adolescent phenotype emerging from studies in laboratory animals

Doremus-Fitzwater

Spear

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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100

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Adolescence is an evolutionarily conserved developmental period, with neural circuits and behaviors contributing to the detection, procurement, and receipt of rewards bearing similarity across species. Studies with laboratory animals suggest that adolescence is typified by a “reward-centric” phenotype—an increased sensitivity to rewards relative to adults. In contrast, adolescent rodents are reportedly less sensitive to the aversive properties of many drugs and naturally aversive stimuli. Alterations within the mesocorticolimbic dopamine and endocannabinoid systems likely contribute to an adolescent reward-sensitive, yet aversion-resistant, phenotype. Although early hypotheses postulated that developmental changes in dopaminergic circuitry would result in a “reward deficiency” syndrome, evidence now suggests the opposite: that adolescents are uniquely poised to seek out hedonic stimuli, experience greater “pleasure” from rewards, and consume rewarding stimuli in excess. Future studies that more clearly define the role of specific brain regions and neurotransmitter systems in the expression of behaviors toward reward- and aversive-related cues and stimuli are necessary to more fully understand an adolescent-proclivity for and vulnerability to rewards and drugs of potential abuse.

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Section: Adolescent Sensitivity To Rewardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward-centricity and attenuated aversions: An adolescent phenotype emerging from studies in laboratory animals

Doremus-Fitzwater

Spear

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

Self Cite

100

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“…Ristuccia & Spear (2008) used ethanol-induced tachycardia to index the hedonic value of ethanol in both adolescent and adult male rats during a 2-hr limited-access, oral self-administration session. Under these conditions, adolescent rats not only consumed more ethanol than adults, an age difference in ethanol intake that has been repeatedly observed (Brunell & Spear, 2005; Doremus et al, 2005; Vetter et al, 2007), but they also showed a significantly greater increase in heart rate when drinking the ethanol relative to the saccharin control solution—a difference not observed among adults.…”

Section: Adolescent Motivation For Natural Rewards and Drugs Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivational systems in adolescence: Possible implications for age differences in substance abuse and other risk-taking behaviors

Doremus-Fitzwater

Varlinskaya

Spear

2010

Brain and Cognition

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354

257

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Adolescence is an evolutionarily conserved developmental phase characterized by hormonal, physiological, neural and behavioral alterations evident widely across mammalian species. For instance, adolescent rats, like their human counterparts, exhibit elevations in peer-directed social interactions, risk-taking/novelty seeking and drug and alcohol use relative to adults, along with notable changes in motivational and reward-related brain regions. After reviewing these topics, the present paper discusses conditioned preference and aversion data showing adolescents to be more sensitive than adults to positive rewarding properties of various drugs and natural stimuli, while less sensitive to the aversive properties of these stimuli. Additional experiments designed to parse specific components of reward-related processing using natural rewards have yielded more mixed findings, with reports of accentuated positive hedonic sensitivity during adolescence contrasting with studies showing less positive hedonic affect and reduced incentive salience at this age. Implications of these findings for adolescent substance abuse will be discussed.

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“…The striatum also responds differently to alcohol in adolescence compared to adulthood. For example, during acute alcohol exposure, increased dopamine release in the striatum is more prominent in adolescents (Pascual et al, 2009; Philpot et al, 2009) and appears to be associated with greater rewarding effects of alcohol (Pautassi et al, 2008; Ristuccia and Spear, 2008). Additionally, alcohol exposure differentially affects cognitive performance, with adolescent, but not adult rodents, showing decreases in learning and memory due to alcohol exposure (Land and Spear, 2004; Markwiese et al, 1998; White et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binge drinking impacts dorsal striatal response during decision making in adolescents

Jones¹,

Cservenka²,

Nagel³

2016

NeuroImage

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Adolescence is a time of both increased risk taking and increased vulnerability to the neurotoxic effects of alcohol. However, it is unclear whether brain functioning abnormalities in adolescent binge drinkers are a result of alcohol use itself or whether they represent premorbid risk characteristics. The current study addresses this question by using a modified version of the Wheel of Fortune (WOF) task, during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), at both baseline, while all subjects were alcohol-naïve, and revisit, when half of the subjects had emerged into regular binge drinking (n = 13) and half remained alcohol and substance-naïve (n = 13). Region of interest (ROI) analysis revealed that during decision making, there was a significant binge-drinking related reduction in brain activation in the dorsal striatum, an effect associated with degree of recent use. Furthermore, whole brain analysis revealed a decrease in fronto-parietal brain activation prior to initiation of alcohol use, in adolescents who went on to binge drink. Additionally, there were numerous regions, both cortical and subcortical, in which there was a significant time-related developmental change, across groups. These results demonstrate how abnormalities in decision-making related circuitry might both lead to and perpetuate alcohol drinking behavior. These findings help aid in our ability to disentangle consequences of binge drinking from potential risk markers for future binge drinking, and may help guide future prevention and intervention strategies.

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Adolescent and Adult Heart Rate Responses to Self‐Administered Ethanol

Cited by 30 publications

References 50 publications

Reward-centricity and attenuated aversions: An adolescent phenotype emerging from studies in laboratory animals

Reward-centricity and attenuated aversions: An adolescent phenotype emerging from studies in laboratory animals

Motivational systems in adolescence: Possible implications for age differences in substance abuse and other risk-taking behaviors

Binge drinking impacts dorsal striatal response during decision making in adolescents

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