Administration of Lithium to Rats by Different Routes

Ov, Olesen; Schou, Mogens; Thomsen, Klaus

doi:10.1159/000117541

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This dose of LiCl was described previously to be sufficient to produce a CTA (Limebeer and Parker 2006), yet results in negligible levels of serum LiCl 24 h post-injection (Olesen et al 1976). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Abstinence-dependent transfer of lithium chloride-induced sucrose aversion to a sucrose-paired cue in rats

2009

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Rationale-Responding for a drug-or sucrose-paired cue increases over forced abstinence (incubation of craving). If the incentive value of a cue depends on the incentive value of the primary reward, devaluing the primary reward should reduce cue reactivity.Objectives-We investigated whether conditioned taste aversion (CTA) to sucrose would transfer to a sucrose-paired cue after 1 or 30 days of forced abstinence and whether CTA after 1 day of forced abstinence would affect incubation of craving.Materials and methods-Rats self-administered 10% sucrose paired with a tone + light cue for 10 days. After 1 (Exp.1) or 30 (Exp.2) days of forced abstinence, rats received two home-cage pairings of sucrose with either LiCl (65 mg/kg, IP) to produce CTA or saline as a control. Two days later, rats responded for the cue alone. The following day, sucrose consumption was assessed in the same operant conditioning chamber. Exp.1 rats were tested again 1 month later to determine if CTA would affect incubation of craving.Results-Exp.1: CTA after 1 day of forced abstinence did not attenuate cue reactivity when tested immediately after CTA, nor did the treatment affect incubation of craving or incubation of sucrose consumption. Exp.2: CTA after 1 month of forced abstinence resulted in a significant reduction in cue reactivity. Conclusion-The incentive values of sucrose and the conditioned representation of sucrose increase over an extended period of forced abstinence. This incubation appears to facilitate the transfer of an aversion to the primary reward to the conditioned cue.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Abstinence-dependent transfer of lithium chloride-induced sucrose aversion to a sucrose-paired cue in rats

2009

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“…In studies of male rats not primarily aimed at assessing weight gain under Li treatment, we found that when Li was administered by intragastric injection at a dose of 2 meq/kg/day, it was well tolerated, and weight gain was similar to the control group (Baptista et al, 1990(Baptista et al, , 1993. The intragastric administration of Li leads to a nearly constant serum-Li concentration without any peak (Olesen et al, 1976). This contrasts with intraperitoneal administration, which induces a high serum-Li peak, that might predispose to Li toxicity (Olesen et a]., 1976).…”

Section: Sex-dependent and Oge-dependent Effect Of Lithium On Body Wementioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium and Body Weight Gain

et al. 1995

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Weight gain is an undesirable side-effect of long-term lithium administration which notably interferes with treatment compliance. The mechanisms of this weight gain remain unclear, making its management in patients difficult. In this paper, studies describing the features of this weight gain in patients and in rats treated with chronic lithium administration are reviewed. The effects of lithium on body weight differ between patients and rats in a number of ways, including the observation that excessive weight gain is observed in both male and female patients, but only in female rats. Nevertheless, an animal model of lithium-induced weight gain may be able to provide useful insights into some of the specific mechanisms involved, particularly those related to interactions with gonadal steroid function. We discuss the effects of lithium on the endocrine system, neurotransmitters, metabolism, electrolyte regulation, and feeding behavior, which might underlie lithium's effects on body weight. Finally, suggestions for the management of weight gain in the clinical setting are presented. These include, in the long term, dietary control and physical activity and, in the short term, choosing among several drugs that have been tested either in patients or in animal models of obesity. If weight gain still cannot be controlled and treatment compliance is at risk, the mood stabilizers carbamazepine or valproic acid might be substituted for lithium treatment.

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“…The intraperitoneal injection of lithium in rats appears to be a good pharmacokinetic model for oral ingestion of lithium in man (Olesen, Schou & Thomsen, 1976). We have therefore examined the response in rats tolithium orotate or lithiumcarbonate (i.p.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat brain and serum lithium concentrations after acute injections of lithium carbonate and orotate

Kling

Manowitz

Pollack

1978

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Eight hours after intraperitoneal injections of 1·0, 2·0, and 4·0 m equiv Li kg−1, the serum and brain lithium concentrations of rats were significantly greater after lithium orotate than after lithium carbonate. While little serum lithium remained at 24 h after injection of 2·0 m equiv kg−1 lithium carbonate, two‐thirds of the 2 h serum lithium concentration was present 24 h after lithium orotate. Furthermore, the 24 h brain concentration of lithium after lithium orotate was approximately three times greater than that after lithium carbonate. These data suggest the possibility that lower doses of lithium orotate than lithium carbonate may achieve therapeutic brain lithium concentrations and relatively stable serum concentrations.

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Administration of Lithium to Rats by Different Routes

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Abstinence-dependent transfer of lithium chloride-induced sucrose aversion to a sucrose-paired cue in rats

Abstinence-dependent transfer of lithium chloride-induced sucrose aversion to a sucrose-paired cue in rats

Lithium and Body Weight Gain

Rat brain and serum lithium concentrations after acute injections of lithium carbonate and orotate

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