Administering medication by the Z-track method

Pullen, Richard L.

doi:10.1097/00152193-200507000-00018

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Hampir 10% dari total populasi dunia menghindari perawatan medis oleh sebab kondisi medis fobia jarum suntik (Nir et al, 2003). Penyebab rasa nyeri pada prosedur penyuntikan intra muskuler adalah: (1) reseptor nyeri pada jaringan lapisan kulit yang terluka akibat tusukan jarum menyampaikan rangsang nyeri ke otak Melzack dan Wall (1965); (2) lapisan kulit subkutan tetap terbuka oleh bekas tusukan jarum setelah jarum ditarik, membuat zat atau obat yang disuntikkan ke lapisan otot masuk melalui bekas tusukan ke lapisan sub kutan (Pullen, 2005); (3) tidak adanya tekanan untuk mengunci obat agar tetap berada di organ target otot. Ketiga hal tersebut membuat obat-obatan terutama yang bersifat iritan atau berwarna gelap sangat berpotensi menyebabkan nyeri (Chan, et al, 2003).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Strategi injeksi menggunakan teknik z-track dilakukan dengan memberikan rangsang tekanan dan menggeser kulit ke satu arah sebelum penusukan jarum ke lapisan otot (Pullen, 2005). Metoda air lock diselidiki oleh Ban, Li dan Pillay (2006) dengan cara menambahkan udara sekitar 0,2 cc pada saat mengisi obat ke alat suntik, untuk memberikan efek mengunci obat yang disuntik sehingga tidak merembes ke lapisan kulit sub kutan.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

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Utilizing Z-track Air Lock Technique to Reduce Pain in Intramuscular Injections

Tambunan

Wulandari

2015

Nursing

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ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Salah satu intervensi pengobatan kepada pasien yang sangat memberikan rasa nyeri dan sering dilakukan adalah injeksi, di mana lebih dari 12 milyard penerapannya di seluruh dunia. Nyeri yang timbul menjadi masalah yang harus di atasi. sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi tingkat nyeri pada prosedur injeksi intramuskuler menggunakan teknik z-track air lock. Metode: Unblinded clinical trial digunakan terhadap 90 wanita berusia 18-25 tahun yang dibagi secara acak kepada 3 kelompok masing-masing terdiri dari 30 subjek penelitian. Teknik injeksi gabungan z-track dan air lock diberikan kepada kelompok ZTAL, teknik air lock kepada kelompok Al, dan teknik z-track kepada kelompok ZT. Vitamin Neurobion 5000 digunakan sebagai materi injeksi. Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) skala 0-3 adalah alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat nyeri pada saat prosedur injeksi. Data dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS versi 19. Usia, Body Mass Index (BMI), tingkat nyeri dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan One Way Anova. Hasil Penelitian: Tidak terdapat perbedaan tingkat nyeri yang signifi kan antar teknik injeksi dan antara ketiga teknik injeksi intramuskuler (p > 0,05). Diskusi: Manfaat kedua teknik ini pada beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan intensitas nyeri yang rendah dibandingkan teknik tradisional. Teknik z-track mampu menekan rangsang saraf nosisepsi dan teknik air lock mampu memberi efek mengunci. Sehingga dapat menjadi rekomendasi standart praktek klinis dalam prosedur injeksi intramuskuler. Kata kunci: injeksi intramuskuler, teknik z-track air lock, nyeri ABSTRACT Introduction: Injection is one of most painful and common medical interventions that more than 12 billion of it are administered annually throughout the world. Pain remains as one of the unresolved health problems. The objective of this research was to investigate the pain severity utilizing the z-track air

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Utilizing Z-track Air Lock Technique to Reduce Pain in Intramuscular Injections

Tambunan

Wulandari

2015

Nursing

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“…The wounds may be treated by antibiotics, surgical debridement, dressing, and skin graft [1]. The correct method of intramuscular injection (injection in the supralateral part of the gluteal muscle, long enough needle to reach the muscle, Z-track injection) can minimize the risk of NS [21]. Aspirating the syringe prior to the injection and never injecting more than 5 milliliters of drug at one time and one site while using the Z-track method are other precautions that may prevent the risk of NS [6, 21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correct method of intramuscular injection (injection in the supralateral part of the gluteal muscle, long enough needle to reach the muscle, Z-track injection) can minimize the risk of NS [21]. Aspirating the syringe prior to the injection and never injecting more than 5 milliliters of drug at one time and one site while using the Z-track method are other precautions that may prevent the risk of NS [6, 21]. The benzathine benzylpenicillin injection is a condensed suspension and it may hinder the blood on aspirating into the syringe [4, 13–15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicolau Syndrome due to Penicillin Injection: A Report of 3 Cases without Long-Term Complication

Memarian

Gharib

Gharagozlou

et al. 2016

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases

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Nicolau syndrome (NS) or livedo-like dermatitis is a rare complication of injection of various medications such as penicillin. The pathophysiology of this events is not clear, but some hypotheses are suggested, such as sympathetic nerve stimulation, embolic occlusion, inflammation, or mechanical injury. In this paper we report 3 cases of NS following benzathine penicillin. Clinical symptoms improved in 2 cases during 2-month follow-up, but one of them had a residual necrosis in the distal phalanges of the toes.

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“…The practice of Z tracking has been recommended for IMI use with antipsychotic medications and pre-packed injecting kits now clearly advocate the practice (Malkin, 2008;Pullen, 2005). However, even though there was a statistically significant practice change in this area in 2012, only 51% of staff always employed this technique demonstrating that practice change at the clinical level is often a slow process (Glasgow and Emmons, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%