Adjunctive Nutraceutical Therapies for COVID-19

Subedi, Lalita; Tchen, Stephanie; Gaire, Bhakta Prasad; Hu, Bingren; Hu, Kurt

doi:10.3390/ijms22041963

Cited by 41 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…In a randomized trial, it was observed that humoral immunity was improved by the supplementation of vitamins A and D among pediatric patients who received influenza vaccination [5]. However, there is still insufficient evidence to provide exact recommendations on vitamin C, D, and E supplementation for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 [6]. The positive influence of vitamin B 6 on immunity involves activation of innate or adaptive immunity and the influence on the proliferation of immune cells [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D

et al. 2021

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Food supplements (FS) are a concentrated source of vitamins, minerals, or other ingredients with nutritional or other physiological effects. Due to their easy availability, widespread advertising, and sometimes low price, increased consumption of this group of preparations has been observed. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and intake of FS during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, with particular reference to FS containing zinc and vitamin D. It was noted that both of the above ingredients were used significantly more often by people with higher education (59.0%), with a medical background or related working in the medical field (54.5%), and/or exercising at home (60.1%). Preparations containing vitamin D were used by 22.8% of the respondents in the first wave, 37.6% in the second wave, and 32.9% in the third wave. To sum up, we showed the highest consumption of vitamin and mineral supplements, and preparations containing zinc and vitamin D were taken significantly more often by people with higher medical and related education. This indicates a high awareness of health aspects and the need for preventive measures in these groups.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D

et al. 2021

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“…All three micronutrients are implicated in acute inflammation and in the concept of healthsupporting nutrition to counteract ongoing inflammaging, i.e., the natural progressive age-dependent subclinical inflammatory processes finally causing organ dysfunction and degenerative diseases [9]. Accordingly, micronutrients may be of high relevance for reducing SARS-CoV-2 infection risk, supporting the immune system in combating the virus, and avoiding long-term adverse health issues from COVID-19 [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spread and mutation rate of influenza and Coxsackie virus were highly elevated in Se-deficient animals [19][20][21]. Accordingly, Coxsackie virus infection causing Keshan disease, i.e., a severe congestive cardiomyopathy, develops endemically in Se-deficient populations [10]. The biologically meaningful threshold currently used to define Se deficiency and sufficiency, respectively, has been based on the occurrence and prevention of this endemic infectious disease [22], or on the full expression of selenoproteins [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Course and Survival of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities in Relation to the Trace Element Status at Hospital Admission

et al. 2021

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Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential trace elements needed for appropriate immune system responses, cell signalling and anti-viral defence. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at two hospitals in Ghent, Belgium, to investigate whether Se and/or Zn deficiency upon hospital admission correlates to disease severity and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with or without co-morbidities. Trace element concentrations along with additional biomarkers were determined in serum or plasma and associated to disease severity and outcome. An insufficient Se and/or Zn status upon hospital admission was associated with a higher mortality rate and a more severe disease course in the entire study group, especially in the senior population. In comparison to healthy European adults, the patients displayed strongly depressed total Se (mean ± SD: 59.2 ± 20.6 vs. 84.4 ± 23.4 µg L−1) and SELENOP (mean ± SD: 2.2 ± 1.9 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0 mg L−1) concentrations at hospital admission. Particularly strong associations were observed for death risk of cancer, diabetes and chronic cardiac disease patients with low Se status, and of diabetes and obese patients with Zn deficiency. A composite biomarker based on serum or plasma Se, SELENOP and Zn at hospital admission proved to be a reliable tool to predict severe COVID-19 course and death, or mild disease course. We conclude that trace element assessment at hospital admission may contribute to a better stratification of patients with COVID-19 and other similar infectious diseases, support clinical care, therapeutic interventions and adjuvant supplementation needs, and may prove of particular relevance for patients with relevant comorbidities.

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“…Given that limited therapeutic modalities are available for the treatment of COVID-19, nutritional modulation of the immune system function has been proposed and is being investigated [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. It is widely accepted that normal nutritional status is vital for immune homeostasis [ 35 ], while a number of recently published key studies suggest promising effects of immunonutrition on acute respiratory infections [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complex Interplay between Immunonutrition, Mast Cells, and Histamine Signaling in COVID-19

2021

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There is an ongoing need for new therapeutic modalities against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mast cell histamine has been implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 as a regulator of proinflammatory, fibrotic, and thrombogenic processes. Consequently, mast cell histamine and its receptors represent promising pharmacological targets. At the same time, nutritional modulation of immune system function has been proposed and is being investigated for the prevention of COVID-19 or as an adjunctive strategy combined with conventional therapy. Several studies indicate that several immunonutrients can regulate mast cell activity to reduce the de novo synthesis and/or release of histamine and other mediators that are considered to mediate, at least in part, the complex pathophysiology present in COVID-19. This review summarizes the effects on mast cell histamine of common immunonutrients that have been investigated for use in COVID-19.

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Adjunctive Nutraceutical Therapies for COVID-19

Cited by 41 publications

References 113 publications

Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D

Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D

Course and Survival of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities in Relation to the Trace Element Status at Hospital Admission

The Complex Interplay between Immunonutrition, Mast Cells, and Histamine Signaling in COVID-19

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