Adipose tissue arachidonic acid and the metabolic syndrome in Costa Rican adults

Williams, Eric S.; Baylin, Ana; Campos, Hannia

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2007.03.004

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…AA is a ω-6-PUFA and is the primary source of fatty acids that mediate inflammatory responses [9]. Elevated tissue levels of AA have been associated with a number of disease states, including coronary heart disease, breast cancer, obesity and diabetes [38]. A recent study has associated increased AA levels in retroperitoneal AT with a high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in human subjects [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary cocoa reduces metabolic endotoxemia and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat fed mice

Park

et al. 2014

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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In diet-induced obesity, adipose tissue (AT) is in a chronic state of inflammation predisposing the development of metabolic syndrome. Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) is a polyphenol-rich food with putative anti-inflammatory activities. Here, we examined the impact and underlying mechanisms of action of cocoa on AT inflammation in high fat-fed mice. In the present study, male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high fat diet (HF), a HF diet with 8% (w/w) unsweetened cocoa powder (HFC), or a low-fat diet (LF) for 18 wk. Cocoa supplementation decreased AT mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 by 40 – 60% compared to HF group, and this was accompanied by decreased nuclear protein levels of nuclear factor-κB. Cocoa treatment reduced the levels of arachidonic acid in the AT by 33% compared to HF controls. Moreover, cocoa treatment also reduced protein levels of the eicosanoid-generating enzymes, adipose-specific phospholipase A2 and cycloxygenase-2 by 53% and 55%, respectively, compared to HF-fed mice. Finally, cocoa treatment ameliorated metabolic endotoxemia (40% reduction in plasma endotoxin) and improved gut barrier function (as measured by increased plasma levels of glucagon-like peptide-2). In conclusion, the present study has shown for the first time that long-term cocoa supplementation can reduce AT inflammation in part by modulating eicosanoid metabolism and metabolic endotoxemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary cocoa reduces metabolic endotoxemia and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat fed mice

Park

et al. 2014

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…Moreover, a study assessing the relationship between AA and the presence of metabolic syndrome risk factors in a cohort of more than 480 normal and overweight Costa Rican adults found that adipose tissue AA content was associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome and was also independently associated with abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and elevated fasting glucose when adjusted for BMI [117]. Similarly, a study conduct in a Spanish population found a correlation between the adipose tissue LA content (which also correlated with dietary LA intake), degree of obesity and central adiposity [118].…”

Section: Linoleic Acid and Obesity: Population Evidencementioning

confidence: 98%

Linoleic acid and the pathogenesis of obesity

Naughton

Mathai

Hryciw

et al. 2016

Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators

109

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“…For example, AA found in adipose tissue was found to be independently associated with MetS as well as abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, fasting glucose and blood pressure among adults [81].…”

Section: Lipids and Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and Metabolic Syndrome

Djoussé¹,

Padilla²,

Nelson³

et al. 2010

EMIDDT

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Given the higher burden of risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) on morbidity and mortality, it is critical to prevent the development of metabolic syndrome in the first place. While dietary habits have been favorably associated with some of the factors included in the definition of metabolic syndrome, limited and inconsistent data have been reported on the role of nutrition in the development of metabolic syndrome. Currently, there is no consensus as to which dietary patterns would confer the lowest risk of MetS. Identification of dietary patterns, food groups, or nutrients that may lower the incidence of metabolic syndrome could improve prevention strategies as well as prognosis among subjects with existing MetS. This manuscript reviews current evidence on dietary patterns, consumption of fat, whole grains, carbohydrate quality and quantity, and moderate alcohol consumption as they relate to metabolic syndrome.

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Adipose tissue arachidonic acid and the metabolic syndrome in Costa Rican adults

Cited by 46 publications

References 38 publications

Dietary cocoa reduces metabolic endotoxemia and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat fed mice

Dietary cocoa reduces metabolic endotoxemia and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat fed mice

Linoleic acid and the pathogenesis of obesity

Diet and Metabolic Syndrome

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