Adiponectin, resistin and IL-6 plasma levels in subjects with diabetic foot and possible correlations with clinical variables and cardiovascular co-morbidity

Abstract

IntroductionIt is very suggestive that diabetic foot is characterized by a pronounced inflammatory reaction and the pathogenic significance of this inflammation has received little attention. On this basis the aim of our study was to evaluate plasma levels of adiponectin, resistin and IL-6 in subjects with diabetic foot in comparison with subjects without foot complications.Materials and methodsWe recruited 34 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and foot ulceration hospitalized for every condition related to diabetic disease, but not for new vascular events (group A). As controls we recruited 37 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without foot ulceration (group B) hospitalized for every condition related to diabetic disease, but not for new vascular events. Adiponectin, Resistin and IL-6 serum levels were evaluated.ResultsSubjects of group A showed lower median plasma levels of adiponectin [7.7450 (4.47-12.17) μg/ml vs 8.480 (5.15-12.87) μg/ml], higher median plasma levels of IL-6 [3.21 (1.23-5.34) pg/ml vs 2.73 (1.24-3.97 pg/ml)] and of resistin [3.860 (2.96-6.29 ng/ml) vs 3.690 (2.,37-6.5 ng/ml)].ConclusionOur study demonstrated that diabetic subjects with diabetic foot showed in comparison with diabetics without diabetic foot higher IL-6 and resistin plasma levels, lower adiponectin plasma levels.

Diabetic foot syndrome: Immune-inflammatory features as possible cardiovascular markers in diabetes

“…It has been reported as a cardiovascular risk indicator in diabetic populations owing to the fact that microalbuminuria is linked to an increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality also PAD. In a recent study conducted by Tuttolomondo et al [21] authors reported a higher prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with diabetic foot. These authors also reported a significant positive correlation between microalbuminuria, and interleukin (IL)-6 and resistin serum levels (Tables 5-7).…”

“…Diabetic Furthermore cardiovascular risk profile linked to diabetic foot seems to be related to the effects of each cardiovascular risk factor added up a neuropathy and vasculopathy clinical background [21,22] , but another further explanation could be in the role of microangiopathy as a pathogenetic background of overall vascular risk.…”

“…The higher frequency of lacunar subtype could underline the possible pathogenetic importance of cerebrovascular disease either atherosclerotic and microvessel disease in patients with diabetic foot. [21] , personal data. Table 1 Prevalence of previous cardiovascular events in patients with and without diabetic foot…”

“…Microalbuminuria is defined by the detection of urinary albumin excretion rates of 30 to 300 mg in a 24-h urine [21] , personal data.…”

Associations among physical activity, comorbidities, depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life in type 2 diabetes

“…An Italian study reported that behavioral changes are needed to achieve the goals of exercise training: in this study, lack of time and negative attitudes were the most common obstacles reported by patients (27). In fact, increasing awareness of patients and physicians about the benefits of PA on reducing obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular complications has already been done.…”