Adiponectin, in contrast to leptin, is not associated with body mass index, waist circumference and HOMA-IR in subjects of a west-African population

Abstract

Factors associated with plasma levels of adiponectin and leptin were studied in adult subjects without diabetes from Cotonou in Benin (West‐Africa). Seventy (70) men and 45 women were included in the study. Anthropometric variables were measured and a venous blood sample was drawn from each subject, after an overnight fasting period, for measurement of plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels. HOMA‐IR was determined to assess insulin resistance. Adiponectin and leptin levels were higher in women than in men (with adiponectin 18.48 ± 12.77 vs.7.8 ± 10.39 μg/mL, P < 0.0001, and leptin 30.77 ± 19.16 vs. 8.66 ± 8.24 ng/mL, P < 0.0001). Fasting insulin level and HOMA‐IR were also higher in the females. Hyperleptinemia was observed in 66,96% of subjects and hypoadiponectinemia was present in 44.35% of subjects. In both men and women, leptin correlated with age (r = 0.2; P = 0.02), BMI (r = 0.572; P < 0.0001), waist circumference (r = 0.534; P < 0.0001), fasting insulin (r = 0.461; P < 0.001), and HOMA‐IR (r = 0.430; P < 0.0001). No significant correlation was observed for adiponectin levels with these variables. Only in women, adiponectin was inversely correlated with fasting glucose (r = −0.423; P < 0.004). These data confirm previous descriptions of leptin but suggest that variations in factors determining serum adiponectin levels observed between ethnicities could also been seen between populations from the same ethnicity.

The Association of Adiponectin Serum Level and Body Mass Index among Javanese Obese Adolescents

“…On the other hand, on female group , subjects with overweight had the highest adiponectin level but subjects with obesity had the lowest adiponectin serum level. 23 Study in Indian population also portrayed the same result. 24 .…”

Interstitial Leydig Cell Tumorigenesis—Leptin and Adiponectin Signaling in Relation to Aromatase Expression in the Human Testis

“…Leptin and adiponectin, as well as estrogen production and their transductional routes, seem to be important for further considerations as potential targets for diagnosis and therapy of Leydig cell tumors and adipose tissue dysfunction [11,72], although more precise analyses e.g., ultrastructural and epigenetical, should be used for precise recognition of subtle differences that can exist in tumor tissue biochemistry between non-obese and obese patients. What is more, special attention should be paid to an explanation of the association of adiponectin, leptin, with infertility and BMI as it is still controversial [73,74].…”

Leptin Concentrations in Non-Obese and Obese Non-Diabetes Nigerian-Africans

“… 25 , 26 Several studies have been done in the white population however, with conflicting findings. 3 , 5 , 17 , 18 , 20–22 , 27 Information on leptin levels in indigenous African populations is scanty with few data emanating from South-Africa, 28 Sudan, 29 Benin-Republic 24 Cameroon 30 and Nigeria. 16 , 24 , 30–33 Conflicting evidence exists on leptin production rates and levels among ethnic groups, 26 , 27 , 34 with some studies showing positive correlation with anthropometric indices and or fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose as well as homeostasis-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), 18 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 27 , 31 , 33 , 35–37 while some other reported contrasting finding.…”