Adipokines, Ghrelin and Obesity‐Associated Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Barazzoni, Rocco; Aleksova, Aneta; Armellini, Ilaria; Cattin, Maria Rosa; Zanetti, Michela; Carriere, Cosimo; Giacca, Mauro; Dore, Franca; Guarnieri, Gianfranco; Sinagra, Gianfranco

doi:10.1038/oby.2012.121

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is known that obesity and obesity-related changes in plasma leptin and adiponectin contribute to negatively modulate insulin resistance. 24 Likewise, earlier studies have found in obese mice, higher basal levels of plasma insulin than in lean mice, also indicating insulin resistance in both sexes. 6 In this study we found that the concentration of FFA, measured in ad libitum conditions ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Hypothalamic expression of anorexigenic and orexigenic hormone receptors in obese femalesNeotomodon alstoni:Effect of fasting

Báez-Ruíz

Luna-Moreno²,

Carmona-Castro³

et al. 2013

Nutritional Neuroscience

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Obesity is a world problem that requires a better understanding of its physiological and genetic basis, as well as the mechanisms by which the hypothalamus controls feeding behavior. The volcano mouse Neotomodon alstoni develops obesity in captivity when fed with regular chow diet, providing a novel model for the study of obesity. Females develop obesity more often than males; therefore, in this study, we analysed in females, in proestrous lean and obese, the differences in hypothalamus expression of receptors for leptin, ghrelin (growth hormone secretagogue receptor GHS-R), and VPAC, and correlates for plasma levels of total ghrelin. The main comparisons are between mice fed ad libitum and mice after 24 hours of fasting. Mice above 65 g body weight were considered obese, based on behavioral and physiological parameters such as food intake, plasma free fatty acids, and glucose tolerance. Hypothalamic tissue from obese and lean mice was analysed by western blot. Our results indicate that after ad libitum food access, obese mice show no significant differences in hypothalamic leptin receptors, but a significant increase of 60% in the GHS-R, and a nearly 62% decrease in VPAC2 was noted. After a 24-hour fast, plasma ghrelin increased nearly two fold in both lean and obese mice; increases of hypothalamic leptin receptors and GHS-R were also noted, while VPAC2 did not change significantly; levels of plasma free fatty acids were 50% less after fasting in obese than in lean animals. Our results indicate that in obese N. alstoni mice, the levels of orexigenic receptors in the hypothalamus correlate with overfeeding, and the fact that lean and obese females respond in different ways to a metabolic demand such as a 24-hour fast.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Hypothalamic expression of anorexigenic and orexigenic hormone receptors in obese femalesNeotomodon alstoni:Effect of fasting

Báez-Ruíz

Luna-Moreno²,

Carmona-Castro³

et al. 2013

Nutritional Neuroscience

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“…Overnight-fasted blood samples were collected also for control subjects. Part of the study results in a smaller study population, pertaining to the associations between obesity, ACS, insulin resistance and adipose tissue hormones have been reported elsewhere [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and high waist circumference are associated with low circulating pentraxin-3 in acute coronary syndrome

Barazzoni

Aleksova

Carriere

et al. 2013

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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BackgroundLong pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a component of the pentraxin superfamily and a potential marker of vascular damage and inflammation, associated with negative outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and PTX3 production is reported in abdominal adipose tissue. Low PTX3 is however reported in the obese population, and obesity per se may be associated with less negative ACS outcome.MethodsWe investigated the potential impact of obesity and high waist circumference (reflecting abdominal fat accumulation) on plasma PTX3 concentration in ACS patients (n = 72, 20 obese) compared to age-, sex- and BMI-matched non-ACS individuals.ResultsBoth obese and non-obese ACS patients had higher PTX3 than matched non-ACS counterparts, but PTX3 was lower in obese than non-obese individuals in both groups (all P < 0.05). PTX3 was also lower in ACS subjects with high than in those with normal waist circumference (WC). Plasma PTX3 was accordingly associated negatively with BMI and WC, independently of age and plasma creatinine. No associations were observed between PTX3 and plasma insulin, glucose or the short pentraxin and validated inflammation marker C-reactive protein, that was higher in ACS than in non-ACS individuals independently of BMI or WC.ConclusionsObesity is associated with low circulating PTX3 in ACS. This association is also observed in the presence of abdominal fat accumulation as reflected by elevated waist circumference. Low PTX3 is a novel potential modulator of tissue damage and outcome in obese ACS patients.

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“…In obesity, adipose tissues produce proinflamma-tory adipokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), leptin, interleukin (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, resistin , and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1), that counteract adiponectin's function and enhance obesityrelated vascular disease (Ronti et al, 2006;Barazzoni et al, 2012). In addition, oxidative stress is now considered to play a key role in metabolic and vascular derangements with an imbalance arising from exaggerated production and reduced elimination of free radicals (Sena et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadium Inhibits Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Aortic Ultrastructural Alterations Associated with the Inhibition of Dyslipidemia and Biomarkers of Inflammation in Rats

et al. 2020

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The potential inhibitory effect of the insulin mimicking agent, vanadium on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)induced alterations to the aorta ultrastructure associated with the suppression of dyslipedima and biomarkers of inflammation has not been investigated before. Therefore, we tested whether vanadium can protect against aortic injury induced secondary to T2DM possibly via the inhibition of blood lipid and inflammatory biomarkers. T2DM was induced in rats by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (50 mg/ kg), and the treatment group started vanadium treatment five days post diabetic induction and continued until being sacrificed at week 10. Using light and electron microscopy examinations, we observed in the model group substantial damage to the aorta tissue such as damaged endothelium, degenerative cellular changes with vacuolated cytoplasm and thickened internal elastic lamina that were substantially ameliorated by vanadium. Administration of vanadium to diabetic rats also significantly (p<0.05) reduced blood levels of glucose, hyperlipidemia and biomarkers of inflammation (TNF-a, IL-6). We conclude that vanadium protects against T2DM-induced aortic ultrastructural damage in rats, which is associated with the inhibition of blood sugar and lipid and inflammatory biomarkers.

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Adipokines, Ghrelin and Obesity‐Associated Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Hypothalamic expression of anorexigenic and orexigenic hormone receptors in obese femalesNeotomodon alstoni:Effect of fasting

Hypothalamic expression of anorexigenic and orexigenic hormone receptors in obese femalesNeotomodon alstoni:Effect of fasting

Obesity and high waist circumference are associated with low circulating pentraxin-3 in acute coronary syndrome

Vanadium Inhibits Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Aortic Ultrastructural Alterations Associated with the Inhibition of Dyslipidemia and Biomarkers of Inflammation in Rats

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