Adipokines and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Relationship with Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Vadacca, Marta; Margiotta, Domenico Paolo Emanuele; Rigon, Amelia; Cacciapaglia, Fabio; Coppolino, G.; Amoroso, Antonio; Afeltra, Antonella

doi:10.3899/jrheum.080503

Cited by 91 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Harle et al showed that leptin might provide an important link between chronic inflammation and the hypoandrogenic state in SLE patients. 63 Higher leptin concentrations in SLE patients, with respect to controls, have been reported by different authors, [64][65][66] suggesting a relationship between leptin and lupus disease-correlated factors. The same data have been recently reported in Korean SLE patients.…”

Section: Leptin and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Sle)mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Moreover, we found a positive correlation between leptin levels and SLE-specific disease activity indexes. 64 Some authors did not confirm higher levels of leptin in SLE patients. 67,68 The differences between the reported data may be due to small patient groups, different disease severity and steroids and immunosuppressive treatments.…”

Section: Leptin and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Sle)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In these patients, leptin was related to metabolic syndrome factors and to a number of cardiovascular risk factors. 85 In another study, serum leptin levels were determined in 31 women with systemic sclerosis. Patients were divided into premenopausal and postmenopausal subgroups.…”

Section: Leptin Connective Tissue Diseases and Organ-specific Autoimmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leptin in immuno-rheumatological diseases

et al. 2011

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Leptin is one of the most important hormones secreted by adipocytes, with a variety of physiological roles related to the control of metabolism and energy homeostasis. Since its discovery in 1994, leptin has attracted increasing interest in the scientific community for its pleiotropic actions. One of these functions is the relationship between nutritional status and immune competence. It structurally resembles proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-12. The cytokine-like structural characteristic of leptin is implicative of its function in regulating immune responses. The role of leptin in regulating immune responses has been assessed in vitro as well as in clinical studies. It has been shown that disease conditions of reduced leptin production are associated with increased infection susceptibility. Conversely, immune-mediated disorders, such as autoimmune diseases, are associated with the increased secretion of leptin and the production of proinflammatory pathogenic cytokines. In this paper, we review the most recent advances of the role of leptin in immune-rheumatological diseases, and we discuss whether strategies aimed at modifying leptin levels could represent innovative and therapeutic tools for autoimmune disorders. Keywords: adipokines; autoimmune diseases; leptin; rheumatic diseases INTRODUCTIONThe existence of a factor secreted by white adipose tissue (WAT), which acts to control feeding, weight and WAT mass, was first proposed by Kennedy 1 and is supported by monogenic mutations resulting in obesity. [2][3][4] WAT is composed of adipocytes filled mainly with triacylglycerol and embedded in loose connective tissue containing adipocyte precursors, fibroblasts, immune and other cells. Obesity, the condition that originally motivated the research on WAT, is characterized by low-grade systemic inflammation. It is thought that excess WAT can contribute to the maintenance of obesity through inflammation-inducing lipotoxicity by secreting factors that stimulate the synthesis of inflammatory agents in other organs and by secreting inflammatory agents itself. 5 The current view of WAT states that it is an active contributor to body homeostasis by sending out and responding to signals that modulate appetite, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, the endocrine and reproductive systems, bone metabolism, inflammation and immunity. 6 Several findings have converged to indicate that adipocytes share certain properties with immune cells, such as complement activation 7 and proinflammatory cytokine production. 8 Fat cell precursors also share features with macrophages. Numerous genes that code for transcription factors, cytokines, inflammatory signaling molecules, and fatty acid transporters are essential for adipocyte biology and are also expressed and functional in macrophages. 9 Adipose tissue secrets a variety of factors: the term 'adipokine' is generally given to any protein that can be synthesized and secreted by adipocytes. Among these factors, only leptin and adiponectin (and possibly resistin, adipsi...

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Section: Leptin and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Sle)mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Leptin and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Sle)mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Leptin in immuno-rheumatological diseases

et al. 2011

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“…In contrast, other authors did not find any difference in adiponectin levels between SLE patients and controls (53,54). Interestingly, adiponectin levels are increased in SLE patients with carotid plaques (106) and in renal SLE-associated vasculopathy (107).…”

Section: Adiponectin and Rheumatic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Cardiometabolic comorbidities and rheumatic diseases: Focus on the role of fat mass and adipokines

Lago¹,

Gómez²,

Conde³

et al. 2011

Arthritis Care & Research

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“…Furthermore, adiponectin serum levels were inversely associated with skin fibrosis and it was characterized to have a protective role in skin-and atherosclerosis-related changes during systemic sclerosis [18]. Some adipokines, namely leptin, were also demonstrated to play a role in systemic lupus erythematosus-related cardiovascular diseases [19].…”

Section: The Role Of Adipokines In Other Systemic Rheumatic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines: role in local and systemic inflammation of rheumatic diseases

Šenolt

2016

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

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Adipokines and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Relationship with Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Abstract: Leptin was increased in SLE patients and could play a role in SLE-related cardiovascular diseases.

Cited by 91 publications

References 10 publications

Leptin in immuno-rheumatological diseases

Leptin in immuno-rheumatological diseases

Cardiometabolic comorbidities and rheumatic diseases: Focus on the role of fat mass and adipokines

Adipokines: role in local and systemic inflammation of rheumatic diseases

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