Adipogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid as a Cellular Compound for Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

This study investigates the applicability of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (mADSCs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) as a cellular compound for bone tissue engineering. A critical bone defect was created on each femur of 25 rats in vivo, receiving the following 5 graft treatments: I-Control-defect; II-HA; III-mADSCs; IV-mADSCsþHA; and V-previously osteoinduced mADSCsþHA. Evaluation using microcomputed tomography, histomorphometry, and RT-PCR analysis was performed 23 days after implantation. Microcomputed tomography analysis indicated higher means of bone contact surface (BCS) and bone surface density (BSD) for the mADSCsþHA group compared with Control and the HA groups (P < 0.05). Histomorphometric findings showed higher means of bone regeneration in the mADSCsþHA compared with HA and Control groups (P < 0.05). The RT-PCR ratios showed no difference in type 1 collagen (Col1A) gene expression or osteopontin (OP) gene expression, whereas for the osteonectin gene (ON) higher means were found in the HA and mADSCs osteoinþHA groups (P < 0.05). These results suggest that a combination of HA and mADSCs without prior osteoinduction might be applicable for bone tissue regeneration.

Effect of hyaluronic acid on paracrine signaling of osteoblasts from mesenchymal stromal cells: potential impact on bone regeneration

“…Results reported here indicated that differentiated ASCs had their growth factors production negatively affected in comparison with undifferentiated ASCs. Corroborating these findings, similar cellular responses were observed when a combination of ASCs and HA-LW was evaluated in bone tissue engineering in vivo [15], where results suggested that the combination of HA-LW and uninduced ASCs favored bone formation in critical defects.…”

“…Associated with MSCs, one scaffold of particular interest considered applicable in tissue engineering is HA, a hydrogel polymer of natural origin, belonging to the family of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and present in the extracellular matrix of living tissues [15]. However, there is still no consensus on the ideal presentation and concentration of HA for application as cell scaffold in tissue engineering, since it might elicit distinct effects on cultured and local cells based on its physicochemical properties, especially molecular weight [27].…”

“…The cytotoxicity of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA-LW) (Hyaloss®-HYAFF™, Meta, Italy) was previously evaluated in vitro in mASC cultures by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2yl-tetrazolic bromide) test [15]. Results showed negligible levels of cytotoxicity after 72 h at an HA-LW concentration of 75% [15]. The same applied methodology was used here to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the high/low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA-HLW) (Profhilo®, IBSA, Italy).…”

The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Regenerative Medicine: Current Knowledge and Future Understandings

“…The combination of HA and stem cells has also been investigated in different models of osteogenesis. The applicability of adipose-derived MSCs and HA showed higher means of bone regeneration in rat model of bone defects ( Boeckel et al, 2019 ). The combination of BM-MSCs and HA successfully indicated bone regeneration in rat calvarial defect model ( Kim et al, 2007 ).…”

Effects of Puerarin Combined with PLGA/TCP/Puerarin on Osteocalcin and Sialoprotein of Mandibular Defects

“…At present, bone tissue engineering technology provides a good prospect for the reconstruction of personalized and functional bone defects in the repair of jaw defects. However, there are still many deficiencies in biomaterials [4]. e emergence of 3D printing technology provides a new solution [5].…”