Adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6 is a heterodimeric complex of two nuclear hormone receptors, PPAR7 and RXRa

Tontonoz, Peter; Graves, Reed A.; Budavari, Adriane I.; Erdjument‐Bromage, Hediye; Lui, Michelle; Hu, Erding; Tempst, Paul; Spiegelman, Bruce M.

doi:10.1093/nar/22.25.5628

Cited by 353 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…RXR bound with 9-cisRA induced expression of UCP2 gene to promote brown fat cell differentiation in adipose tissue [11]. It was indicated that RXR together with PPAR in adipocyte regulated the differentiation of preadipocyte [12]. Transgenic mice of selective knockout RXR gene in adipose tissue could resist adiposity induced by high fat food [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue expression, association analysis between three novel SNPs of the RXRα gene and growth traits in Chinese indigenous cattle

Gao

Feng

et al. 2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Retinoid X receptor (RXR)  is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that mediates the biological effects on several hormones, vitamins, and regulates lipid, glucose and energy metabolism. In this study, the tissue expression profiles of the bovine RXR gene and association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with growth traits were carried out in 413 Chinese native cattle. The expression profile was analysed in ten Jiaxian cattle tissues by real-time PCR, and the results showed that RXR gene was abundantly expressed in adipose tissue and spleen, moderately expressed in heart, liver, lung, kidney, muscle and testis. Meanwhile, three SNPs (T27919A, T28139C and G28142A) and five haplotypes were identified. Haplotype with TTG was dominant with frequency of 69.1%. Chi-square test showed all populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05) at the three sites except Jiaxian cattle at G28142A site and Qinchuan cattle at T27919A site. Statistical analysis of combined sites showed that the individuals with TTGA genotype had significantly higher heart girth than those with TAGG genotype (P<0.05) and the animals with AAGA genotype had higher body weight than those with TAGG genotype (P<0.05) in T27919A-G28142A site. Heart girth, abdominal circumference and body weight of individuals with TCAG genotype were exceedingly higher than those with TTGG (P<0.01), TTGA and TCGG (P<0.05) in T28139C-G28142A site. For T27919A-T28139C site, the individuals of TCTA and TCTT genotype had significantly higher heart girth and lower height at hip cross than those with TTTA (P<0.05), and the body weight of TCAA and TCTT genotype individuals was higher than those with TTTA (P<0.05). In conclusion, these results provided evidence that the polymorphisms of RXR gene were associated with growth traits and might apply to Chinese indigenous yellow cattle breeding program as a possible candidate for marker-assisted selection (MAS).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue expression, association analysis between three novel SNPs of the RXRα gene and growth traits in Chinese indigenous cattle

Gao

Feng

et al. 2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…Known PPAR␥-binding sites contain the so-called "DR1" site; i.e., a direct repeat of the AGGTCA element conserved to various degrees and separated by a single nucleotide (Schoonjans et al 1996). These conclusions are based on analysis of only ∼30 genes identified as PPAR␥ targets through reporter gene and gel shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) (Tontonoz et al 1994a;IJpenberg et al 1997;Robinson et al 1998;Teboul et al 2001;Chui et al 2005;Guan et al 2005;Yajima et al 2007;Nakachi et al 2008). In contrast, expression profiling studies during adipocyte differentiation and following PPAR␥ ligand treatment suggest that hundreds of genes may be regulated by PPAR␥ (Perera et al 2006;Sears et al 2007;Nakachi et al 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

PPARγ and C/EBP factors orchestrate adipocyte biology via adjacent binding on a genome-wide scale

Lefterova¹,

Zhang²,

Steger³

et al. 2008

Genes Dev.

720

693

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ␥(PPAR␥), a nuclear receptor and the target of anti-diabetic thiazolinedione drugs, is known as the master regulator of adipocyte biology. Although it regulates hundreds of adipocyte genes, PPAR␥ binding to endogenous genes has rarely been demonstrated. Here, utilizing chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with whole genome tiling arrays, we identified 5299 genomic regions of PPAR␥ binding in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The consensus PPAR␥/RXR␣ "DR-1"-binding motif was found at most of the sites, and ChIP for RXR␣ showed colocalization at nearly all locations tested. Bioinformatics analysis also revealed CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-binding motifs in the vicinity of most PPAR␥-binding sites, and genome-wide analysis of C/EBP␣ binding demonstrated that it localized to3350 of the locations bound by PPAR␥. Importantly, most genes induced in adipogenesis were bound by both PPAR␥ and C/EBP␣, while very few were PPAR␥-specific. C/EBP␤ also plays a role at many of these genes, such that both C/EBP␣ and ␤ are required along with PPAR␥ for robust adipocyte-specific gene expression. Thus, PPAR␥ and C/EBP factors cooperatively orchestrate adipocyte biology by adjacent binding on an unanticipated scale.[Keywords: PPAR␥; C/EBP; adipocyte; genome wide; ChIP-chip] Supplemental material is available at http://www.genesdev.org.

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“…Pparγ is both necessary and sufficient for adipogenesis (4,5); no other factor has been found to be able to induce adipogenesis in the absence of Pparγ. Pparγ cooperates with CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP), including Cebpα, Cebpβ, and Cebpγ, to induce the expression of many genes important for terminal differentiation, such as Fabp4/aP2, Cd36, Lipe/Hsl, Olr1, and Me1 (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long noncoding RNAs regulate adipogenesis

Sun

Goff

Trapnell

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

383

338

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The prevalence of obesity has led to a surge of interest in understanding the detailed mechanisms underlying adipocyte development. Many protein-coding genes, mRNAs, and microRNAs have been implicated in adipocyte development, but the global expression patterns and functional contributions of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) during adipogenesis have not been explored. Here we profiled the transcriptome of primary brown and white adipocytes, preadipocytes, and cultured adipocytes and identified 175 lncRNAs that are specifically regulated during adipogenesis. Many lncRNAs are adipose-enriched, strongly induced during adipogenesis, and bound at their promoters by key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (CEBPα). RNAi-mediated loss of function screens identified functional lncRNAs with varying impact on adipogenesis. Collectively, we have identified numerous lncRNAs that are functionally required for proper adipogenesis.

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Adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6 is a heterodimeric complex of two nuclear hormone receptors, PPAR7 and RXRa

Cited by 353 publications

References 40 publications

Tissue expression, association analysis between three novel SNPs of the RXRα gene and growth traits in Chinese indigenous cattle

Tissue expression, association analysis between three novel SNPs of the RXRα gene and growth traits in Chinese indigenous cattle

PPARγ and C/EBP factors orchestrate adipocyte biology via adjacent binding on a genome-wide scale

Long noncoding RNAs regulate adipogenesis

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