Adiós Niño

Levenson, Deborah

doi:10.1215/9780822395621

Cited by 90 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…After decades of conflict, these nascent democracies had to construct new domestic police forces while simultaneously disarming combatants, rebuilding infrastructure, and reintegrating into society many of those who fled to the United States or other countries during the years of violence. The combination of unemployed former combatants and an inexperienced domestic police force created conditions for crime to thrive, particularly given the historical context of high levels of poverty, inequality, and violence in these countries (Cruz 2011(Cruz , 2003Levenson 2013;Malone 2012).…”

Section: Crime and Violence In Contemporary Guatemala El Salvador Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…US policy further aggravated these postwar problems with the deportation of record numbers of Salvadoran gang members back to El Salvador, where most were not able to integrate themselves into the legal economy (Cruz 2011(Cruz , 2003Wolf 2017). These Salvadoran gangs (or maras) were infamous for their excessive violence, a characteristic due in part to the fact that many members had witnessed and, in some cases, participated in the well-documented atrocities of the civil wars of the 1980s (Levenson 2013;Menjívar 2000). As Levenson notes, many of the combatants in these conflicts were mere children at the time, trained to commit violent acts of cruelty that they would later employ as mareros.…”

Section: Crime and Violence In Contemporary Guatemala El Salvador Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaving the Devil You Know: Crime Victimization, US Deterrence Policy, and the Emigration Decision in Central America

Hiskey

Córdova

Malone

et al. 2022

Lat. American Res. Rev.

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Following a sharp increase in the number of border arrivals from the violence-torn countries of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras in the spring and summer of 2014, the United States quickly implemented a strategy designed to prevent such surges by enhancing its detention and deportation efforts. In this article, we examine the emigration decision for citizens living in the high-crime contexts of northern Central America. First, through analysis of survey data across Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, we explore the role crime victimization plays in leading residents of these countries to consider emigration. Next, using survey data collected across twelve municipalities in Honduras, we evaluate the extent to which knowledge of heightened US immigration deterrence efforts influenced respondents' emigration decision. Though a vast majority of these respondents were aware of the stricter US immigration policy regime, this awareness had no effect on their consideration of emigration as a viable strategy. En la primavera y verano de 2014, Estados Unidos implementó una estrategia diseñada para prevenir una nueva ola migratoria después de un aumento elevado en el número de personas provenientes de Guatemala, El Salvador, y Honduras, países marcados por la violencia tratando de cruzar la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos. Dicha estrategia estaba fundamentada en el endurecimiento de las medidas de detención y deportación. En este artículo examinamos los factores que conllevan a los ciudadanos que viven en el norte de Centroamérica en contextos de alta criminalidad a tomar la decisión de emigrar. Primero, por medio del análisis de datos de encuestas para los casos de Guatemala, El Salvador, y Honduras, examinamos el rol que juega la victimización por crimen en la intención de emigrar de los ciudadanos que viven en estos países. En un segundo paso, usando datos de una encuesta llevada a cabo en doce municipalidades en Honduras, evaluamos hasta qué punto el conocimiento sobre las medidas implementadas por los Estados Unidos para detener la inmigración influye en la decisión de emigrar de los ciudadanos que viven en estas municipalidades con altos índices de criminalidad. Los resultados en este caso muestran que, a pesar de que la gran mayoría de ciudadanos tiene conocimiento sobre el endurecimiento de la política migratoria estadounidense, éste no tiene ningún efecto en su intención de emigrar.

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Section: Crime and Violence In Contemporary Guatemala El Salvador Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crime and Violence In Contemporary Guatemala El Salvador Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaving the Devil You Know: Crime Victimization, US Deterrence Policy, and the Emigration Decision in Central America

Hiskey

Córdova

Malone

et al. 2022

Lat. American Res. Rev.

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“…Street gangs that saw themselves and were seen as part of local normative communities became parasitic on and predatory within their neighbourhoods. It is beyond this paper's scope to enter fully into how and why this happened, but the prison system has been especially important (see Levenson, 2013).…”

Section: Barrio Codes Local History and The Morality Of Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Red zone blues: Violence and nostalgia in Guatemala City

Saunders-Hastings

2018

Ethnography

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Based on ethnographic research in a Guatemala City mara territory, this article examines the place of nostalgia in residents' accounts of spiralling insecurity and gang violence.Anchoring many depictions of their circumstances past and present, emotional and narrative structures of decline and nostalgia pervaded interviews, interactions, and the research experience here. While discourses of loss and longing pose certain methodological quandaries for attempts to reconstruct processes of change in a volatile environment, Ipropose that they do communicate true and valuable information for understanding the social experience of violence in Guatemala City's gang territories. I also argue for understanding nostalgia as a resource-for inhabitants and for ethnographers alike-in the face of 'ontological insecurity' in violent fields. Providing reassuring narratives and tools for articulating normative claims for our informants, nostalgia also holds a strong appeal for ethnographers, presenting both dilemmas and possibilities in researching and representing contemporary insecurity.

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“…Following their criminalization and intersection with organized crime through Guatemala's prison system in the mid 2000s, the gangs later became the violent stereotype they had earlier been portrayed as. 28 Gang violence in urban areas of Guatemala became commonplace by the mid 2000s and was linked to shifts in Mexican cartels' trafficking of drugs and people through Guatemala.…”

Section: More Recent Guatemalan Migration To Oregonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guatemalan Immigration to Oregon: Indigenous Transborder Communities

Stephen¹

2017

Oregon Historical Quarterly

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118.4.0554?seq=1&cid=pdfreference#references_tab_contents You may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact

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Adiós Niño

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Leaving the Devil You Know: Crime Victimization, US Deterrence Policy, and the Emigration Decision in Central America

Leaving the Devil You Know: Crime Victimization, US Deterrence Policy, and the Emigration Decision in Central America

Red zone blues: Violence and nostalgia in Guatemala City

Guatemalan Immigration to Oregon: Indigenous Transborder Communities

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