Adhesive and curing properties of chicken feather/blood-based adhesives for the fabrication of medium-density fiberboards

Mortero a base de aglutinantes proteínicos y residuos minerales para elementos interiores = Mortar based on protein binders and mineral waste for interior elements

“…The related experimental scientific background is mentioned below as the contribution obtained from the literature review. The article of preliminary studies for wood boards bonded with feather proteins developed by In Yang, who uses alkaline bases for protein isolation, these compounds are sodium hydroxide at 6% and sodium bisulphite at 2%, similarly, the blood-based glue within Charles Cone's patent, considers sodium hydroxide as a primary reagent to dissolve the primary blood bonds, and uses dehydrated blood without any residue (Yang et al, 2018;Charles, 2003). Similarly, the adhesives developed by combining feathers and blood use the base in different percentages, between 5 and 10% for feathers only, but for blood, sulphuric acid is used for the hydrolysate, with the aim of using it as a hardener for the combinations.…”

“…The first method of hydrolysis, commonly used for the reaction between water, reagents and proteins is thermal, as indicated by the study conducted in South Korea, where the application of conventional heat by means of a source on the surface of the container where the mixture is to reach a temperature of 100°C has had positive results, similarly, applying temperatures of up to 90°C to the combination with feathers for two hours does not vary the effectiveness. However, analysis of the full experimental performance with industrial economic validation is highlighted in the work of Yen Sze, where he applies heat by means of molecular vibrations of the domestic microwave oven at 800 watts of power, thereby achieving an advantage in reaction time by reducing the 150 minutes of conventional heat to 10 minutes with the above procedure, which has yet to be realised on a laboratory scale with a view to amplification (Yang et al,, 2018). Heat as thermal energy for hydrolysis has clearly been noted in hard organic tissue such as feathers or horn, however, in substances such as blood the use of heat is completely eliminated, for example, in adhesives based on this substance developed as an adhesive, showing that the simple addition of alkalis and water at room temperature causes the reactions necessary for the formation of the binder, as manifested in the US patented product relating to this method (Charles, 2003).…”