Adhesion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains to neoglycans synthesised with prebiotic galactooligosaccharides

Sarabia-Sainz, Héctor M.; Armenta-Ruiz, Carolina; Sarabia-Sainz, Jose Andre I.; Guzmán-Partida, Ana María; Ledesma-Osuna, Ana Irene; Vázquez–Moreno, Luz; Montfort, Gabriela Ramos-Clamont

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.040

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Even though research into the effects of prebiotics on adherence is still in its infancy, several studies have already been done that have reported partially negative effects of commercially available prebiotics on adherence and strain-specific effects of prebiotics on adherence abilities (for example, in certain pathogenic strains; Quintero et al, 2011;Kavanaugh et al, 2013;Sarabia-Sainz et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of prebiotics on adherence of probiotics

Kadlec¹,

Jakubec²

2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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Prebiotics are generally considered to promote the function or viability of probiotics via their fermentation, but their effect on the adherence of probiotics is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of 4 commercially available prebiotics [Orafti GR, Orafti P95, and Orafti Synergy (Beneo GmbH, Mannheim, Germany), and Vivinal (Friesland Foods Domo, Amersfoort, the Netherlands)] and 3 simple saccharides (glucose, galactose, and lactose) on the adherence of 5 probiotic type strains, 2 lactococci starter cultures, and 5 potential dairy probiotic strains from the Culture Collection of Dairy Microorganisms (Tábor, Czech Republic). Adherence was tested in microtiter plates on the following types of substrate: polystyrene alone and polystyrene coated with either porcine mucus or cocultures of the human colon cell lines Caco2 and HT29-MXT (1:9 ratio of HT29-MXT:Caco2). Adherence was evaluated as a change in fluorescence in the well of a microtiter plate. The most commonly observed effect (with a few exceptions) of prebiotics was decreased adherence of the tested strains observed on all types of substrate. The tested saccharides, which are part of the residual compounds of the used prebiotics, had a very similar effect-eliciting a decrease in adherence ability in the majority of the probiotic strains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of prebiotics on adherence of probiotics

Kadlec¹,

Jakubec²

2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Probiotics also decreased the incidence and severity of ETEC-caused diarrhea (13,14). Neoglycans of porcine albumin conjugated with galacto-oligosaccharides reduced ETEC attachment in vitro (15). ETEC adhesion in vitro was also reduced by reuteran and levan, exopolysaccharides produced by Lactobacillus reuteri (16).…”

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confidence: 98%

Feed Fermentation with Reuteran- and Levan-Producing Lactobacillus reuteri Reduces Colonization of Weanling Pigs by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Yang

Galle

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bThis study determined the effect of feed fermentation with Lactobacillus reuteri on growth performance and the abundance of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in weanling piglets. L. reuteri strains produce reuteran or levan, exopolysaccharides that inhibit ETEC adhesion to the mucosa, and feed fermentation was conducted under conditions supporting exopolysaccharide formation and under conditions not supporting exopolysaccharide formation. Diets were chosen to assess the impact of organic acids and the impact of viable L. reuteri bacteria. Fecal samples were taken throughout 3 weeks of feeding; at the end of the 21-day feeding period, animals were euthanized to sample the gut digesta. The feed intake was reduced in pigs fed diets containing exopolysaccharides; however, feed efficiencies did not differ among the diets. Quantification of L. reuteri by quantitative PCR (qPCR) detected the two strains used for feed fermentation throughout the intestinal tract. Quantification of E. coli and ETEC virulence factors by qPCR demonstrated that fermented diets containing reuteran significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the copy numbers of genes for E. coli and the heat-stable enterotoxin in feces compared to those achieved with the control diet. Any fermented feed significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the abundance of E. coli and the heat-stable enterotoxin in colonic digesta at 21 days; reuteran-containing diets reduced the copy numbers of the genes for E. coli and the heat-stable enterotoxin below the detection limit in samples from the ileum, the cecum, and the colon. In conclusion, feed fermentation with L. reuteri reduced the level of colonization of weaning piglets with ETEC, and feed fermentation supplied concentrations of reuteran that may specifically contribute to the effect on ETEC.T he combined stress of weaning and movement to a different environment increases the potential for poor growth performance, nutrient malabsorption, and diseases in piglets (1-3). Diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major disease of weaning piglets (4). ETEC establishes infection by specific fimbria mediating intestinal attachment and colonization (4-7). Following colonization, ETEC produces enterotoxins that induce watery diarrhea (8, 9). Control of ETEC infections of weanling piglets is currently achieved by antibiotics (10). The use of antibiotics in animal production, however, selects for antibiotic-resistant intestinal microbiota and favors the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes from livestock microbiota to human pathogens (7). Consequently, antimicrobial growth promoters have been banned in several jurisdictions (11), challenging the livestock industry to replace feed antibiotics without compromising animal performance or animal health.Probiotic bacteria, prebiotics, organic acids, or antiadhesive glycans were proposed to replace feed antibiotics in pig production for improved control of ETEC (4, 6). Organic acids were shown to reduce postweaning diarrhea in pigs (12). Probiotics also decreased the inc...

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“…The extent on glycation of the synthetized neoglycans was estimated considering the migration patterns of glycated PSA with respect to untreated PSA. The number of glycan molecules coupled to PSA was projected considering the mass of lactose, or the masses obtained for GOS and Ochit under similar conditions (Ledesma-Osuna et al, 2010;Sarabia-Sainz et al, 2013). Analysis by Image Lab software suggested PSA binding of 63, 13 and 2 molecules of Lac, GOS and Ochit, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lectin binding assays. The binding of neoglycans (PSA-Lac, PSA-GOS, PSA-Ochit) to Ricinus communis lectin 1 (RCA 1) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA lectin) was measured through an enzyme-linked lectin sorbent assay (ELLA), as described by Sarabia-Sainz et al (2013). Each neoglycan (500 ng) was diluted separately in 50 mM Na 2 CO 3 buffer with a pH of 9.6 (100 µL), and adsorbed onto 96 well plates for 16 h at 4°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantage of this type of synthesis is low cost, as the materials are readily available and are inexpensive, and thus, this process has potential in veterinary applications for preventing or reducing ETEC infections. Other carbohydrates that could potentially be recognized by F4 ETEC are prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), as well as chitin oligosaccharides (Ochit), derived from the controlled hydrolysis of chitin (Ledesma-Osuna et al, 2010;Sarabia-Sainz et al, 2013). The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of different neoglycans synthesized by non-enzymatic glycation in preventing in vitro binding of F4 + ETEC to piglet enterocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maillard neoglycans as inhibitors for in vitro adhesion of F4⁺ enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to piglet intestinal cells

et al. 2017

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Adhesion of enterotoxigenic (ETEC) E. coli to host intestinal cells is mediated by lectin-like fimbriae that bind to specific glycan moieties on the surfaces of enterocytes. To prevent in vitro binding of E. coli F4 fimbriae (F4 ETEC) to piglet enterocytes, neoglycans were synthesized by the Maillard reaction conjugating lactose (Lac), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) or chitin oligosaccharides (Ochit) to porcine serum albumin (PSA). Neoglycans were characterized by SDS-PAGE, intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and recognition by plant lectins, as well as by F4 ETEC variants. Electrophoretic patterns suggested the binding to PSA of 63, 13 and 2 molecules of Lac, GOS and Ochit, respectively. All neoglycans displayed quenching of tryptophan fluorescence consistent with the degree of glycation estimated by SDS-PAGE. Plant lectins recognized the neoglycans according to their specificity, whereas antigenic variants of F4 ETEC (ab, ac and ad) recognized PSA-Ochit and PSA-Lac with higher affinity than that for GOS. Neoglycans partially hindered the in vitro binding of F4 ETEC to piglet enterocytes in a dose-dependent manner. The most effective blocking was observed with PSA-Lac that partially inhibited the adhesion of bacteria to enterocytes in a dose dependent manner, as quantified by flow cytometry. Increased production of the cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α was observed in response to F4 ETEC infection of enterocytes and production was reduced in the presence of PSA-Ochit and PSA-GOS. These results suggest that neoglycans synthesized by the Maillard reaction could be useful in the prophylaxis of diarrhea in piglets.

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Adhesion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains to neoglycans synthesised with prebiotic galactooligosaccharides

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

The effect of prebiotics on adherence of probiotics

The effect of prebiotics on adherence of probiotics

Feed Fermentation with Reuteran- and Levan-Producing Lactobacillus reuteri Reduces Colonization of Weanling Pigs by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Maillard neoglycans as inhibitors for in vitro adhesion of F4⁺ enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to piglet intestinal cells

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Adhesion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains to neoglycans synthesised with prebiotic galactooligosaccharides

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

The effect of prebiotics on adherence of probiotics

The effect of prebiotics on adherence of probiotics

Feed Fermentation with Reuteran- and Levan-Producing Lactobacillus reuteri Reduces Colonization of Weanling Pigs by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Maillard neoglycans as inhibitors for in vitro adhesion of F4+ enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to piglet intestinal cells

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Maillard neoglycans as inhibitors for in vitro adhesion of F4⁺ enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to piglet intestinal cells