Adhesion of composite resins to enamel irradiated by the er:YAG laser: Application of the ultrasonic scaler on irradiated surface

Abstract

The tensile bond strength in the groups treated with the ultrasonic scaler exhibited approximately twice the strength observed in groups treated with laser irradiation alone.

An In Vitro Comparison of the Bond Strength of Composite to Superficial and Deep Dentin, Treated With Er:YAG Laser Irradiation or Acid-Etching

“…18,19,22,38 The potential role of subsurface damage and the limited hybridization in low tensile bone strength has been confirmed in laser-treated cavities; the superficial layer was removed by acid-etching or air abrasion. 21,24 Laser irradiation seems not to be able to create an inter-diffusion zone similar to that created by acid etching. 37,39,40 It is worth mentioning that verification, i.e.…”

“…2,14,16,17 The recent literature has not precisely verified the superiority of laser irradiation to acid-etching for treating dentinal surfaces prior to bonding. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Previous reports have claimed that there are certain advantages in bonding to lased dentin because of an apparently enlarged surface area for adhesion based on the scaly and flaky surface appearance following Er:YAG irradiation. [33][34][35] In a study, the shear bond strength in deep lased dentin was better than in superficial lased dentin.…”

SEM analysis of enamel surface treated by Er:YAG laser: Influence of irradiation distance

“…These superficial features are considered the main advantages attributed to use Er:YAG laser as an enamel conditioner, because it increases the retention between tooth surface and restorative material (Aoki et al, 1998;Dostalova et al, 1998;Visuri et al, 1996). Conversely, previous researches (De Munck et al, 2002;Eguro et al, 2001;Gonçalves et al, 2003;Martinez-Insua et al, 2000;Schein et al, 2003) have shown that the Er:YAG laser-irradiated layer can be disadvantageous for adhesion, mainly when it is applied in focused mode, since the excess of irregularities and fissures could influence on micromechanical retention of an adhesive system to substrate, reducing the tensile bond strength. Additionally, Er:YAG laser partially denatures the organic matrix and may block the diffusion pathway in enamel (Ying et al, 2004).…”

“…Laser irradiation was performed in a noncontact mode for 20 s, 80 mJ of energy, 2 Hz of pulse repetition rate, as previously utilized in other studies (Eguro et al, 2001;Ying et al, 2004) to conditioning enamel surface. During the irradiation procedure, the air/ water spray was activated and the a 5 mL/min water flow (Delmé and De Moor, 2007) for cooling was adjusted by a control valve in the upper part of the laser handpiece (2,051), which is connected to the laser equipment by means of an optic fiber.…”

“…The morphological alterations of an irradiated tooth tissue can be detected by analyzing carefully the surface using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Curti et al, 2004;De Munck et al, 2002;Eguro et al, 2001;Hossain et al, 1999;Sassi et al, 2004). Studies employing SEM (Ceballos et al, 2001;Freitas et al, 2007;Martinez-Insua et al, 2000;Sassi et al, 2004;SouzaGabriel et al, 2006) showed that lased-tooth surface was rather different from the morphological aspect provided by phosphoric acid pretreatment.…”