Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and weight status in children: the role of parental feeding practices

Costarelli, Vassiliki; Michou, Maria; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Lionis, Christos

doi:10.1080/09637486.2020.1765151

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…They show that nearly half of children and adolescents whose parents had a university education had high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, whereas the percentage was much lower among children whose parents had a low or medium education level. Outcomes that are consistent with ours in this respect have been observed in studies conducted in various countries [66][67][68][69]. Yañez et al have shown that low family educational level is associated with low adherence to the Mediterranean diet in adolescents [70].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Screen Time and Parents’ Education Level Are Associated with Poor Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Spanish Children and Adolescents: The PASOS Study

Wärnberǵ

Pérez-Farinós

Benavente-Marín

et al. 2021

JCM

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The aim of this study is to evaluate if screen time and parents’ education levels are associated with adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern. This cross-sectional study analyzed a representative sample of 3333 children and adolescents (8 to 16 years) included in the Physical Activity, Sedentarism, lifestyles and Obesity in Spanish youth (PASOS) study in Spain (which ran from March 2019 to February 2020). Data on screen time (television, computer, video games, and mobile phone) per day, Mediterranean diet adherence, daily moderate or vigorous physical activity, and parents’ education levels were gathered using questionnaires. A descriptive study of the variables according to sex and parents’ education level was performed. Logistic regression models (adjusted by sex and weight status) were fitted to evaluate the independent association between screen time and Kids’ level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (KIDMED) index, as well as some of its items. A greater amount of screen time was associated with worse adherence to the Mediterranean diet; a lower consumption of fruit, vegetables, fish, legumes, and nuts; and a greater consumption of fast food, sweets, and candies. A lower parents’ education level was associated with worse adherence to the Mediterranean diet. It is necessary to promote the responsible, limited use of screen time, especially in children with parents with a lower education level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Screen Time and Parents’ Education Level Are Associated with Poor Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Spanish Children and Adolescents: The PASOS Study

Wärnberǵ

Pérez-Farinós

Benavente-Marín

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…While in non-Mediterranean countries a higher adherence to this dietary pattern may be the result of a choice reflecting a health-conscious profile, we hypothesize that in Mediterranean islands, this adherence is only the result of a higher adherence to traditional lifestyle behaviours and maintenance of the cultural heritage. This hypothesis has been reported in other studies conducted in Mediterranean islands, where identification of higher adherence among unemployed women may depend on the social role of older generations of mothers in the management of the families, including preparation of meals [46][47][48]. In contrast, other studies yet conducted in Mediterranean countries reported that higher adherence to this dietary pattern was associated with a higher economic allowance, suggesting that the economic crisis occurred in the last decade and the rise in cost of healthier foods may have played a role in the observed abandonment of this traditional dietary pattern [49,50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Maltese Adults

Cuschieri

Libra

2020

IJERPH

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Background: Populations living in Mediterranean islands are experiencing a nutrition transition process from traditional to Westernized dietary patterns. No information on this matter regarding individuals living in Malta have been published to date. The aim of this study was to assess the level of adherence of the Maltese people to the Mediterranean diet and which factors were associated with it. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in the island of Malta between 2014 and 2016. A literature-based Mediterranean diet adherence score was used to assess the level of adherence to the dietary pattern. Results: Out of 3947 adults, the overall Mediterranean diet adherence score mean was 7.19 (SD 1.91): being female, non-smoker, and having older age was associated with higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Less clear pattern of association was found for educational and occupational status, for which medium educational level and a high occupational level were associated with lower adherence to Mediterranean diet. Higher adherence was finally associated with consumption of healthier food groups (more rice and dark bread and less pasta and white bread; more all plant-food groups and fish, less animal-food sources, including fast foods; more light cheeses and yogurt were more frequently consumed among higher adherent individuals in spite of regular ones). Conclusions: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Malta is lower than in those of populations living in companion Mediterranean islands. Given the lack of data on this topic, further studies should be conducted among the Maltese people and public health nutrition interventions should be planned to improve current eating habits toward more traditional dietary patterns.

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“…In particular, the Mediterranean diet is the dietary pattern most recommended to reduce cardiovascular risk in different populations by some scientific societies, such as the European Society of Cardiology, the European Atherosclerosis Society, the Canadian cardiovascular society, and the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee, among others [ 60 ]. Specifically, in children, adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower likelihood of presenting excess body weight and obesity [ 61 , 62 ]. In our study, the most consistent dietary pattern in children in SRS was related to a high consumption of energy-dense foods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles Among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study †

et al. 2020

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Dietary patterns (DPs) are known to be tied to lifestyle behaviors. Understanding DPs and their relationships with lifestyle factors can help to prevent children from engaging in unhealthy dietary practices. We aimed to describe DPs in Spanish children aged 1 to <10 years and to examine their associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The consumption of toddler and young children milk formulas, enriched and fortified milk within the Spanish pediatric population is increasing, and there is a lack of evidence whether the consumption of this type of milk is causing an impact on nutrient intakes and if they are helping to reach the nutrient recommendations. Within the Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI), we considered two study cohorts and three different age groups in three year-intervals in each of them. The study cohort included 740 children in a representative sample of the urban non-vegan Spanish population and 772 children in a convenience cohort of adapted milk consumers (AMS) (including follow-on formula, toddler’s milk, growing up milk, and fortified and enriched milks) who provided information about sociodemographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits; a food frequency questionnaire was used for the latter. Principal component analysis was performed to identify DPs from 18 food groups. Food groups and sociodemographic/lifestyle variables were combined through a hierarchical cluster algorithm. Three DPs predominated in every age group and study sample: a palatable energy-dense food dietary pattern, and two Mediterranean-like DPs. However, children from the AMS showed a predominant dietary pattern markedly related to the Mediterranean diet, with high consumption of cereals, fruits and vegetables, as well as milk and dairy products. The age of children and certain lifestyle factors, namely level of physical activity, parental education, and household income, correlated closely with the dietary clusters. Thus, the findings provide insight into designing lifestyle interventions that could reverse the appearance of unhealthy DPs in the Spanish child population.

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Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and weight status in children: the role of parental feeding practices

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Screen Time and Parents’ Education Level Are Associated with Poor Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Spanish Children and Adolescents: The PASOS Study

Screen Time and Parents’ Education Level Are Associated with Poor Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Spanish Children and Adolescents: The PASOS Study

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Maltese Adults

Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles Among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study †

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