Adenylyl cyclase activity and its modulation in the gills of Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to Cr6+ and Cu2+

Neurotoxicological effects on marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis caged at petrochemical contaminated areas (eastern Sicily, Italy): 1H NMR and immunohistochemical assays

“…Indeed, it has been reported that gill epithelial cells containing the lateral cilia present 5-HT receptors to increasing the ciliary beating rate, if activated (Carroll and Catapane, 2007). Fabbri and Capuzzo (2006), after exposing mussel M. galloprovincialis to Cr(VI) and Cu(II), found increased 5-HTstimulated adenylate cyclase activity in vivo, and suggested the possibility that metal accumulation in mussel gills might induce the overexpression of 5-HT receptors. Further evidences of alterations in serotonin signaling pathways were provided by the significantly up-regulated transcription of 5-HT receptor in both sexes of M. galloprovincialis exposed to 0.1, 1, and 10 μg Cr(VI) L-1 animal −1 for 96 h, with males showing more sensitivity to metal treatment than females (Ciacci et al, 2012).…”

“…The molluskan gill contains significant amounts of endogenous 5-HT, which produces prompt, sustained, and reversible stimulation of ciliary beat frequency, and the magnitude of the response is graded over a wide range of 5-HT levels (Gosselin, 1961). Impairment in the serotoninergic system may occur after exposure to toxicant compounds, as observed in gills of the mussel M. galloprovincialis exposed to chromium and copper, resulting in increase of the 5-HT-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in vivo and over-expression of 5-HT receptors (Fabbri and Capuzzo, 2006).…”

Immunomodulation in Mytilus galloprovincialis by non-toxic doses of hexavalent Chromium

“…In Mytilus gills, exposure to Cr(VI) affected serototonin signaling [46]. A 5-HTR gene sequence identified in Mytilus edulis [47] is constitutively expressed also in the tissues of M. galloprovincialis tissues, including hemocytes [23].…”

Cyclic-AMP Mediated Regulation of ABCB mRNA Expression in Mussel Haemocytes

“…Various studies reported that cAMP levels are increased by metals or other environmental contaminants [9], [53], [54], therefore the induction of cAMP-dependent ABCB transcription may serve as a defense strategy. Nevertheless, this study also demonstrated that ABCB transcription may be negatively modulated by at least an endogenous regulator, i.e.…”