Adenolipoma of the thyroid gland

Primary tuberculosis of the thyroid gland: a case report

“…Rokitansky found only 21 cases of thyroid tuberculosis out of 20 758 surgically resected thyroid glands(0.1 % ) [7] . The ability of thyroid to resist infection is attributed to a number of factors-prosperous lymphatic and vascular supply, well developed capsule and high iodine content of the gland [6] , Colloid possessing bactericidal action, destruction of tubercle bacilli due to increased physiological activity of phagocytes in hyperthyroidism and possible antitubercular role of thyroid hormones [5] .…”

“…The characteristic morphological features of tuberculous inflammation are necrotizing epithelioid cell granulomas with langhans type giant cells. Demonstration of acid fast bacilli by ZN staining confirms the diagnosis, but this stain is often negative in tissue sections [3] Microscopically four morphological variations of tuberculous thyroiditis have been distinguished: 1)Multiple tubercles in case of miliary TB; 2)Solitary and sometimes merging tubercles; 3)Foci of caseous necrosis or cold abcess, and 4)Cicatrised tubercle foci [5] .…”

“…Histological and bacteriological confirmation is adequate to make diagnosis and fulfilment of third criteria is not essential [5] Grossly tuberculosis of thyroid gland is difficult to distinguish from other inflammations of the thyroid as well as from carcinoma thyroid [2] . On histology as well many diseases may cause granulomatous inflammation of thyroid like granulomatous thyroiditis, fungal infection, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, granulomatous vasculitis and foreign body reaction.…”

“…[4] . Thyroid involvement can be symptom free as seen in generalized miliary spread, diffuse or localized swelling of the gland [5] . It can also present as thyroid abcess in pulmonary tuberculosis patients [6] .…”

A Case Report on Radiologic Findings of Thyrolipomatosis: a Rare Fat Containing Lesion diffusely Infiltrating throughout the Thyroid Gland

“…Some authors consider these lesions to be developmental anomalies resulting from entrapment of adipose tissue in the thyroid gland during embryogenesis [2][3][4][5] . Schröder and Böcker stated that the adipose tissue was formed in response to tissue hypoxia, as result of stromal metaplasia or with the involution of senile fi broblasts 6 .…”