Adenoidectomy with or without grommets for children with otitis media: an individual patient data meta-analysis

Boonacker, Chantal Wb; Rovers, Maroeska M.; Browning, George G.; Hoes, Arno W.; Schilder, Anne G. M.; Burton, Martin J

doi:10.3310/hta18050

Cited by 70 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These infections are the principal reason for repeated physician visits, contribute towards a significant socioeconomic burden, and most importantly represent the primary reason for antibiotic prescription in young children [15][16][17]. Recent research has determined that biofilm formation by pneumococcus and NTHi plays an important role both in colonisation and disease.…”

Section: Antibiofilm Activity Of Surgihoney Reactive Oxygen (Shro) Agmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen: A novel antimicrobial mechanism for targeting biofilm-associated infection

Dryden

Cooke

Salib

et al. 2017

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance

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Reactive oxygen: a novel antimicrobial mechanism for targeting biofilm-associated infection, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.jgar.2016.12.006 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Section: Antibiofilm Activity Of Surgihoney Reactive Oxygen (Shro) Agmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen: A novel antimicrobial mechanism for targeting biofilm-associated infection

Dryden

Cooke

Salib

et al. 2017

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance

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“…Recurrent or chronic otitis media causes much pain and morbidity at high economic cost to society (2). In spite of concerns about the selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, OM continues to be the primary reason for antibiotic prescription in children (3)(4)(5). In addition, although pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have reduced vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease, PCVs have not led to a decrease in the incidence of otitis media due to pneumococci, most likely due to non-vaccinetype replacement (1,6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Modulate Streptococcus pneumoniae Biofilm Metabolism and Antibiotic Tolerance

Allan

Morgan

Brito-Mutunayagam

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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g Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the key pathogens responsible for otitis media (OM), the most common infection in children and the largest cause of childhood antibiotic prescription. Novel therapeutic strategies that reduce the overall antibiotic consumption due to OM are required because, although widespread pneumococcal conjugate immunization has controlled invasive pneumococcal disease, overall OM incidence has not decreased. Biofilm formation represents an important phenotype contributing to the antibiotic tolerance and persistence of S. pneumoniae in chronic or recurrent OM. We investigated the treatment of pneumococcal biofilms with nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous signaling molecule and therapeutic agent that has been demonstrated to trigger biofilm dispersal in other bacterial species. We hypothesized that addition of low concentrations of NO to pneumococcal biofilms would improve antibiotic efficacy and that higher concentrations exert direct antibacterial effects. Unlike in many other bacterial species, low concentrations of NO did not result in S. pneumoniae biofilm dispersal. Instead, treatment of both in vitro biofilms and ex vivo adenoid tissue samples (a reservoir for S. pneumoniae biofilms) with low concentrations of NO enhanced pneumococcal killing when combined with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, an antibiotic commonly used to treat chronic OM. Quantitative proteomic analysis using iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation) identified 13 proteins that were differentially expressed following low-concentration NO treatment, 85% of which function in metabolism or translation. Treatment with low-concentration NO, therefore, appears to modulate pneumococcal metabolism and may represent a novel therapeutic approach to reduce antibiotic tolerance in pneumococcal biofilms.

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“…However, the authors concluded that adenoidectomy has no beneficial effect in children with COME aged <4 years unless they have other symptoms that may warrant adenoidectomy. Lastly, adjuvant adenoidectomy seemed to reduce the need for additional surgery (type of surgery not specified) [44]. Lastly, one RCT study found no difference in QoL of RAOM children treated with VT compared to children also treated with adjuvant adenoidectomy [34].…”

Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The updated search identified two reviews [37,44]. One additional RCT study was identified [34].Pooled analysis based on data from nine RCT studies showed no significant difference in the number AOM episodes between children treated with VT with and without adenoidectomy after 24 months follow up.…”

Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Danish guidelines on management of otitis media in preschool children

Heidemann

Lous

Berg³

et al. 2016

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Adenoidectomy with or without grommets for children with otitis media: an individual patient data meta-analysis

Cited by 70 publications

References 23 publications

Reactive oxygen: A novel antimicrobial mechanism for targeting biofilm-associated infection

Reactive oxygen: A novel antimicrobial mechanism for targeting biofilm-associated infection

Low Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Modulate Streptococcus pneumoniae Biofilm Metabolism and Antibiotic Tolerance

Danish guidelines on management of otitis media in preschool children

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