Adenoid hypertrophy and nasal mucociliary clearance in children. A morphological and functional study

Identification of adenoid biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis

“…In contrast, adenoids removed from patients with OSA had no obvious biofilm formation and relatively bland mucosal surfaces. A review of the morphological studies on normal adenoid tissue was consistent with our control images [20][21][22][23].…”

Mucociliary function and nasal resistance evaluation before and after adenoidectomy

“…In fact a marked loss of cilia, reaching sometimes squamous metaplasia, which is directly related to the lymphoid tissue size, has been observed in a previously published paper [29].…”

“…Pre-and postoperative MC data were also compared to a control group of normal children previously tested in our laboratory [29], by means of the unpaired Student's t-test.…”

Correlation of mucociliary clearance and symptomatology before and after adenoidectomy in children

“…Passali and Cimpoli found values up to 9.96 min in healthy children whereas the mean time discovered by other studies ranged from 4.4 min to 7.5 min [23,24]. Importantly, the average value in patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (16.9 AE 3.1 min) has been shown to be significantly higher than controls [3]. Our mean improvement in nasal MCT (3.64 min AE .84) found postoperatively was considered to be clinically relevant, although our small population size precluded testing for statistical significance.…”

“…In light of this data, it is possible to hypothesize that the factors responsible for reduced mucociliary function include decreased ciliated epithelium [3]. Impaired mucociliary clearance may increase susceptibility to upper and lower respiratory tract infections due to prolonged dwelling of infectious agents on the respiratory mucosa and due to the presence of factors that hinder ability to prevent microbial colonization and in invasion.…”