Additive genetic variation for tolerance to estrogen pollution in natural populations of <scp>A</scp>lpine whitefish (<i><scp>C</scp>oregonus</i> sp., <scp>S</scp>almonidae)

Brazzola, Gregory; Chèvre, Nathalie; Wedekind, Claus

doi:10.1111/eva.12216

Cited by 27 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, to exclude the possibility that microenvironmental variations among subclutches might influence estimates of genetic variance, future studies should aim to separate embryos immediately after fertilization and rear offspring independently. This approach has been effectively employed by studies testing for additive and nonadditive genetic effects on offspring survivorship and performance in various externally fertilizing fish species (Jacob et al 2007;Wedekind et al 2008;Jacob et al 2010;Clark, Stelkens et al 2013;Clark, Wilkins et al 2013;Pompini et al 2013;Brazzola et al 2014;Stelkens et al 2014;da Cunha et al 2018;da Cunha et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic benefits of extreme sequential polyandry in a terrestrial‐breeding frog

2019

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Sequential polyandry may evolve as an insurance mechanism to reduce the risk of females choosing mates who are genetically inferior (intrinsic male quality hypothesis) or genetically incompatible (genetic incompatibility hypothesis). The prevalence of such indirect benefits remains controversial, however, because studies estimating the contributions of additive and nonadditive sources of genetic variation to offspring fitness have been limited to a small number of taxonomic groups. Here, we used artificial fertilization techniques combined with a crossclassified breeding design (North Carolina Type II) to simultaneously test the “good genes hypothesis” and the “genetic incompatibility hypothesis” in the brown toadlet (Pseudophryne bibronii); a terrestrial‐breeding species with extreme sequential polyandry. Our results revealed no significant additive or nonadditive genetic effects on fertilization success. Moreover, they revealed no significant additive genetic effects, but highly significant nonadditive genetic effects (sire by dam interaction effects), on hatching success and larval survival to initial and complete metamorphosis. Taken together, these results indicate that offspring viability is significantly influenced by the combination of parental genotypes, and that negative interactions between parental genetic elements manifest during embryonic and larval development. More broadly, our findings provide quantitative genetic evidence that insurance against genetic incompatibility favors the evolution and maintenance of sequential polyandry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic benefits of extreme sequential polyandry in a terrestrial‐breeding frog

2019

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“…; Brazzola et al. ). Engineered nanoparticles, that is, materials that have at least one dimension on the nanoscale (≤ 100 nm), are some of the newest and fastest‐rising agents predicted to enter the waste stream and subsequently the aquatic environment (Asghari et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Lausanne (population of over 300,000 inhabitants) is the fourth largest in Switzerland, so this whitefish population's exposure to municipal effluents can be assumed to be on the upper range in the country (Brazzola et al. ). Sediments in this area have been shown to have markedly higher concentrations of heavy metals in comparison with other regions of the lake (Loizeau et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A primary concern for conservation biologists is whether or not natural populations will be able to rapidly adapt to these novel anthropogenic stressors. In recent decades, one of the foremost challenges that aquatic organisms have faced is exposure to various toxicants through the effluents of sewage treatment plants (Fabrega et al 2011;Brazzola et al 2014). Engineered nanoparticles, that is, materials that have at least one dimension on the nanoscale (≤ 100 nm), are some of the newest and fastest-rising agents predicted to enter the waste stream and subsequently the aquatic environment (Asghari et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This particular location is considered the most contaminated area of the lake (Loizeau et al 2004), in terms of micropollutants, as it is the release site of treated and untreated wastewater from Lausanne's municipal treatment plant. Lausanne (population of over 300,000 inhabitants) is the fourth largest in Switzerland, so this whitefish population's exposure to municipal effluents can be assumed to be on the upper range in the country (Brazzola et al 2014). Sediments in this area have been shown to have markedly higher concentrations of heavy metals in comparison with other regions of the lake (Loizeau et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic correlations and little genetic variance for reaction norms may limit potential for adaptation to pollution by ionic and nanoparticulate silver in a whitefish (Salmonidae)

Clark

Pompini

Uppal

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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For natural populations to adapt to anthropogenic threats, heritable variation must persist in tolerance traits. Silver nanoparticles, the most widely used engineered nanoparticles, are expected to increase in concentrations in freshwaters. Little is known about how these particles affect wild populations, and whether genetic variation persists in tolerance to permit rapid evolutionary responses. We sampled wild adult whitefish and crossed them in vitro full factorially. In total, 2896 singly raised embryos of 48 families were exposed to two concentrations (0.5 μg/L; 100 μg/L) of differently sized silver nanoparticles or ions (silver nitrate). These doses were not lethal; yet higher concentrations prompted embryos to hatch earlier and at a smaller size. The induced hatching did not vary with nanoparticle size and was stronger in the silver nitrate group. Additive genetic variation for hatching time was significant across all treatments, with no apparent environmental dependencies. No genetic variation was found for hatching plasticity. We found some treatment‐dependent heritable variation for larval length and yolk volume, and one instance of additive genetic variation for the reaction norm on length at hatching. Our assessment suggests that the effects of silver exposure on additive genetic variation vary according to trait and silver source. While the long‐term fitness consequences of low‐level silver exposure on whitefish embryos must be further investigated to determine whether it is, in fact, detrimental, our results suggest that the evolutionary potential for adaptation to these types of pollutants may be low.

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Environmental stress linked to consumption of maternally derived carotenoids in brown trout embryos (Salmo trutta)

Wilkins

Cunha

Glauser

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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The yellow, orange, or red colors of salmonid eggs are due to maternally derived carotenoids whose functions are not sufficiently understood yet. Here, we studied the significance of naturally acquired carotenoids as maternal environmental effects during embryo development in brown trout (Salmo trutta). We collected eggs from wild females, quantified their egg carotenoid content, fertilized them in vitro in full-factorial breeding blocks to separate maternal from paternal effects, and raised 3,278 embryos singly at various stress conditions until hatching. We found significant sire effects that revealed additive genetic variance for embryo survival and hatching time. Dam effects were 5.4 times larger than these sire effects, indicating that maternal environmental effects play an important role in determining embryo stress tolerance. Of the eight pigment molecules that we targeted, only astaxanthin, zeaxanthin (that both affected egg redness), and lutein were detected above our confidence thresholds. No strong link could be observed between carotenoid content in unfertilized eggs and embryo mortality or hatching timing. However, the consumption of carotenoids during our stress treatment was negatively correlated to embryo survival among sib groups and explained about 14% of the maternal environmental variance. We conclude that maternally derived carotenoids play a role in the ability of embryos to cope with environmental stress, but that the initial susceptibility to the organic pollution was mainly determined by other factors. K E Y W O R D Sastaxanthin, brown trout, embryo survival, lutein, maternal effects, Salmonidae, Zeaxanthin

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Additive genetic variation for tolerance to estrogen pollution in natural populations of Alpine whitefish (Coregonus sp., Salmonidae)

Cited by 27 publications

References 70 publications

Genetic benefits of extreme sequential polyandry in a terrestrial‐breeding frog

Genetic benefits of extreme sequential polyandry in a terrestrial‐breeding frog

Genetic correlations and little genetic variance for reaction norms may limit potential for adaptation to pollution by ionic and nanoparticulate silver in a whitefish (Salmonidae)

Environmental stress linked to consumption of maternally derived carotenoids in brown trout embryos (Salmo trutta)

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