Additive-free continuous synthesis of silica and ORMOSIL micro- and nanoparticles applying a microjet reactor

Odenwald, Christina; Kickelbick, Guido

doi:10.1007/s10971-018-4626-x

Cited by 14 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…To determine, how the mixing process and its time scale influence the particle size, we conducted the precipitation in a microreactor with an extremely short mixing time ( ca. 10 ms ( ref. 29 )), compared to the conventional experiments in simple glass beakers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microreactor setup has been described in detail in a previous publication. 29 In short, two HPLC pumps were used to press the precursor solutions through opposing horizontal nozzles of 300 μm diameter. The solutions collide as fine impinging jets in the middle of the chamber where a fast mixing in the order of 10 ms takes place.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for barium sulfate, 25 titanium dioxide, 26 zinc oxide, brushite and magnetite particles, 27 and for the sol-gel synthesis of ORMOSIL microspheres. 28,29 The precipitation of BaSO 4 is a common model reaction for studying the formation and agglomeration of nanoparticles. 20,25,30,31 Oen, dispersing additives are employed in order to stabilize the nanoparticle suspensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile and scalable synthesis of sub-micrometer electrolyte particles for solid acid fuel cells

et al. 2018

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile and scalable synthesis of sub-micrometer electrolyte particles for solid acid fuel cells

et al. 2018

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“…For the A2 solution, PBTMS (12.76 g, 50 mmol) was used instead of PAPTMS. The alkoxysilanes were partly hydrolyzed by adding aqueous HCl (150 mL of a 0.55 mmol/L solution) and stirring at room temperature for 16 h . The solution B was an aqueous solution of ammonia (2.2 mol/L).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesis of similar particles with the same technical setup is described in detail in previous work ,. In short: two HPLC pumps (LaPrep P110 preparative HPLC pumps, VWR International) transport solution A1 or A2 and solution B at a rate of 250 mL/min (pressure of 3–4 MPa) to the MicroJet reactor (Synthesechemie Dr. Penth GmbH).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Nitrogen‐Doping for Carbide‐Derived Carbons on the Supercapacitor Performance in an Organic Electrolyte and an Ionic Liquid

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Odenwald

Quade

et al. 2018

Batteries & Supercaps

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We investigated the influence of nitrogen groups on the electrochemical performance of carbide‐derived carbons by comparing materials with a similar pore structure with and without nitrogen‐doping. These materials were tested in a half‐cell and full‐cell supercapacitor setup with a conventional organic electrolyte (1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile) and an ionic liquid (1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate). Varying the nitrogen content in the range of 1–7 mass % had no systematic influence on the energy storage capacity but a stronger impact on the rate handling ability. The highest specific capacitance in a half‐cell supercapacitor at a negative potential was 215 F/g in EMIM‐BF4. Using the best‐performing carbide‐derived carbon with and without nitrogen‐doping (i. e., by applying a synthesis temperature of 800 °C), the full‐cell performance was 174 F/g, which results in a high specific energy of 61 Wh/kg in EMIM‐BF4. For the same materials, the corresponding specific energy was about 30 Wh/kg when using the organic electrolyte.

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Self‐Activation of Inorganic‐Organic Hybrids Derived through Continuous Synthesis of Polyoxomolybdate and para‐Phenylenediamine Enables Very High Lithium‐Ion Storage Capacity

et al. 2023

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Inorganic‐organic hybrid materials with redox‐active components were prepared by an aqueous precipitation reaction of ammonium heptamolybdate (AHM) with para‐phenylenediamine (PPD). A scalable and low‐energy continuous wet chemical synthesis process, known as the microjet process, was used to prepare particles with large surface area in the submicrometer range with high purity and reproducibility on a large scale. Two different crystalline hybrid products were formed depending on the ratio of molybdate to organic ligand and pH. A ratio of para‐phenylenediamine to ammonium heptamolybdate from 1 : 1 to 5 : 1 resulted in the compound [C6H10N2]2[Mo8O26] ⋅ 6 H2O, while higher PPD ratios from 9 : 1 to 30 : 1 yielded a composition of [C6H9N2]4[NH4]2[Mo7O24] ⋅ 3 H2O. The electrochemical behavior of the two products was tested in a battery cell environment. Only the second of the two hybrid materials showed an exceptionally high capacity of 1084 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 150 cycles. The maximum capacity was reached after an induction phase, which can be explained by a combination of a conversion reaction with lithium to Li2MoO4 and an additional in situ polymerization of PPD. The final hybrid material is a promising material for lithium‐ion battery (LIB) applications.

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Additive-free continuous synthesis of silica and ORMOSIL micro- and nanoparticles applying a microjet reactor

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Facile and scalable synthesis of sub-micrometer electrolyte particles for solid acid fuel cells

Facile and scalable synthesis of sub-micrometer electrolyte particles for solid acid fuel cells

Influence of Nitrogen‐Doping for Carbide‐Derived Carbons on the Supercapacitor Performance in an Organic Electrolyte and an Ionic Liquid

Self‐Activation of Inorganic‐Organic Hybrids Derived through Continuous Synthesis of Polyoxomolybdate and para‐Phenylenediamine Enables Very High Lithium‐Ion Storage Capacity

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