Adding omega‐3 fatty acids to a protein‐based supplement during pre‐season training results in reduced muscle soreness and the better maintenance of explosive power in professional Rugby Union players

Black, Katherine; Witard, Oliver C.; Baker, Dane; Healey, Philip; Lewis, Victoria; Tavares, Francisco; Christensen, Sam; Pease, Tom; Smith, Tiaki Brett

doi:10.1080/17461391.2018.1491626

Cited by 42 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In agreement with this previous DHA study, we found that the ingestion of 2.1 g/day of DHA + 240 mg/day of EPA for 10 weeks did not improve the strength deficit after an eccentric training session. However, a recent study found that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation (551 mg of EPA and 551 mg of DHA twice daily) for 5 weeks of pre-season training reduced muscle soreness and produced better maintenance of explosive power in professional Rugby Union players [40]. Moreover, an acute dose of 750 mg of EPA + 50 mg of DHA ameliorated the functional changes (jump height) following exercise-induced muscle damage [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation of Re-Esteriﬁed Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids Reduce Inflammatory and Muscle Damage Markers after Exercise in Endurance Athletes: A Randomized, Controlled Crossover Trial

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to analyse the effect of 10 weeks of a highly concentrated docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + eicosapentaenoic (EPA) supplementation (ratio 8:1) on strength deficit and inflammatory and muscle damage markers in athletes. Fifteen endurance athletes participated in the study. In a randomized, double-blinded cross-over controlled design, the athletes were supplemented with a re-esterified triglyceride containing 2.1 g/day of DHA + 240 mg/day of EPA or placebo for 10 weeks. After a 4-week wash out period, participants were supplemented with the opposite treatment. Before and after each supplementation period, participants performed one eccentric-induced muscle damage exercise training session (ECC). Before, post-exercise min and 24 and 48 h after exercise, muscle soreness, knee isokinetic strength and muscle damage and inflammatory markers were tested. No significant differences in strength deficit variables were found between the two conditions in any of the testing sessions. However, a significant effect was observed in IL1β (p = 0.011) and IL6 (p = 0.009), which showed significantly lower values after DHA consumption than after placebo ingestion. Moreover, a significant main effect was observed in CPK (p = 0.014) and LDH-5 (p = 0.05), in which significantly lower values were found after DHA + EPA consumption. In addition, there was a significant effect on muscle soreness (p = 0.049), lower values being obtained after DHA + EPA consumption. Ten weeks of re-esterified DHA + EPA promoted lower concentrations of inflammation and muscle damage markers and decreased muscle soreness but did not improve the strength deficit after an ECC in endurance athletes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation of Re-Esteriﬁed Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids Reduce Inflammatory and Muscle Damage Markers after Exercise in Endurance Athletes: A Randomized, Controlled Crossover Trial

et al. 2020

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“…N -3 PUFAs supplementation was also demonstrated to reduce muscle soreness and maintain muscle function following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage [20]. The effectiveness of consuming a protein-based supplement containing 1546 mg of n-3 PUFA (551 mg EPA and 551 mg DHA) twice daily was compared to a protein-based placebo on muscle soreness, countermovement jump performance, and psychological well-being in 20 professional Rugby Union players for five weeks of pre-season training.…”

Section: N-3 Pufas and The Health Of Skeletal Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…From day 20, a moderate beneficial effect of the supplement on fatigue was observed. In terms of practical relevance, the moderate beneficial effect of adding fish oil to a protein-based supplement on muscle soreness translated into the better maintenance of explosive power in elite Rugby Union players during pre-season training [20].…”

Section: N-3 Pufas and The Health Of Skeletal Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Benefits and Endpoints in Sport

et al. 2018

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The influence of nutrition has the potential to substantially affect physical function and body metabolism. Particular attention has been focused on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which can be found both in terrestrial features and in the marine world. They are responsible for numerous cellular functions, such as signaling, cell membrane fluidity, and structural maintenance. They also regulate the nervous system, blood pressure, hematic clotting, glucose tolerance, and inflammatory processes, which may be useful in all inflammatory conditions. Animal models and cell-based models show that n-3 PUFAs can influence skeletal muscle metabolism. Furthermore, recent human studies demonstrate that they can influence not only the exercise and the metabolic response of skeletal muscle, but also the functional response for a period of exercise training. In addition, their potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity may provide health benefits and performance improvement especially in those who practice physical activity, due to their increased reactive oxygen production. This review highlights the importance of n-3 PUFAs in our diet, which focuses on their potential healthy effects in sport.

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“…Interest in the impact of the ω-3 on "recovery", or more specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the form of FO supplementation, have been investigated using an array of interventions, spanning damaging eccentric contractions [32][33][34][35], exhaustive endurance exercise [36], and immobilization [37], in trained and untrained men and women [37][38][39][40], with only limited work completed in women [35,[40][41][42]. Current data suggests, and as highlighted in a comprehensive systematic review by Heileson and Funderburk (2020), that FO supplementation likely enhances recovery and preserves strength following stressful exercise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Varying Dosages of Fish Oil on Recovery and Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise

et al. 2020

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Fish oils (FOs) are rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have been purported to enhance recovery of muscular performance and reduce soreness post-exercise. However, the most effective FO dose for optimizing recovery remains unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of FO supplementation dosing on the recovery of measures of muscular performance, perceived soreness, and markers of muscle damage following a rigorous bout of eccentric exercise. Thirty-two college-aged resistance-trained males (~23.6 years, 71.6 kg, 172.1 cm) were supplemented with 2, 4, 6 g/day (G) FO or placebo (PL) for ~7.5 weeks. Following 7 weeks of supplementation, pre-exercise (PRE) performance assessments of vertical jump (VJ), knee extensor strength, 40-yard sprint, T-test agility, and perceived soreness were completed prior to a bout of muscle-damaging exercise and were repeated immediately post (IP), 1-, 2-, 4-, 24-, 48-, and 72-h (H) post-exercise. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated a treatment × time interaction (p < 0.001) for VJ and perceived soreness, but no group differences were observed at any time point. VJ returned to PRE (54.8 ± 7.9 cm) by 1H (51.8 ± 6.5 cm, p = 0.112) for 6G, while no other groups returned to baseline until 48H. Lower soreness scores were observed in 6G compared to PL at 2H (mean difference [MD] = 2.74, p = 0.046), at 24H (MD: 3.45, p < 0.001), at 48H (MD = 4.45, p < 0.001), and at 72H (MD = 3.00, p = 0.003). Supplementation with 6G of FO optimized the recovery of jump performance and muscle soreness following a damaging bout of exercise.

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Adding omega‐3 fatty acids to a protein‐based supplement during pre‐season training results in reduced muscle soreness and the better maintenance of explosive power in professional Rugby Union players

Cited by 42 publications

References 53 publications

Supplementation of Re-Esteriﬁed Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids Reduce Inflammatory and Muscle Damage Markers after Exercise in Endurance Athletes: A Randomized, Controlled Crossover Trial

Supplementation of Re-Esteriﬁed Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids Reduce Inflammatory and Muscle Damage Markers after Exercise in Endurance Athletes: A Randomized, Controlled Crossover Trial

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Benefits and Endpoints in Sport

Impact of Varying Dosages of Fish Oil on Recovery and Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise

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