Addiction versus stages of change models in predicting smoking cessation

Abstract

Prospective data from the California Tobacco Surveys (n = 2066) were used to perform a critical test of the Prochaska et al. (1991) stages of change model. When the stages of change model was used as a stand alone predictor, smokers in preparation at baseline were more likely to be in cessation at follow-up than smokers in pre-contemplation at baseline (ORadj = 1.9). When stage membership was combined with baseline measures of addiction including smoking behaviors and quitting history, it was not a significant predictor of future cessation. A prediction equation that combined daily vs. occasional smoking, cigarettes per day smoked, life-time quits of at least a year, and quits of more than 5 days in the previous year discriminated smokers in cessation at follow-up of 1 to 2 years better than did the stages of change model. The area under the ROC curve for the equation based on addiction measures was 69.3% vs. 55.1% for the stages of change. Cessation rates ranged from 7.7% to 35.7% for the four-category addiction equation compared with 15.1% to 24.9% for stages of change model.

Efficacy of genotype notification to Japanese smokers on smoking cessation—An intervention study at workplace

“…The tendency in the intervention group was similar to that in the controls. In the previous reports, the stage of change was a good predictor of smoking cessation [26,27].…”

Cycle of Change: ideas, issues and implications

“…What is the relationship between current stage and future drug use? Farkas et al (1996), in a detailed follow-up study of about 2000 smokers, found that addiction/dependence variable s were far better at predicting future smoking cessation than stage membership. In other words, the time of a person's ®rst cigarette of the day (smoking latency), the number of cigarettes smoked daily and the duration of the latest quit attempt, were said to be much more powerful indicators of a smoker's behaviour 2 years later than stage membership.…”

Adolescents’ movement towards cessation of smoking: Role and relative value of the processes of change and nicotine dependence

“…A construct previously found to be related to the process of smoking cessation is addiction to nicotine or nicotine dependence (Farkas et al, 1996;United States Department of Health and Human Services, 1988). In adults, nicotine dependence was found to be related both to a high number of previous quit attempts and to a low intention to quit (John, Meyer, Rumpf, & Hapke, 2004;Velicer, Rossi, Diclemente, & Prochaska, 1996).…”