Adaptive Stem and Adventitious Root Responses of Two Tomato Genotypes to Flooding

Abstract

<jats:p>Tomato accessions PI 128644 <jats:italic>(Lycopersicon peruvianum</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>dentatum</jats:italic> Mill.) and PI 406966 <jats:italic>(Lycopersicon esculentum</jats:italic> Mill.) were identified in preliminary screening trials as being relatively nonresistant and resistant to 120 hr of flooding, respectively. Many adventitious roots (AR) developed on the lower stems of flooded PI 406966 seedlings, while few formed on flooded PI 128644 plants. Root formation by flooded PI 406966 seedlings depended on <jats:italic>de novo</jats:italic> initiation rather than emergence of preformed initials. Hypocotyl porosity of PI 406966 plants increased from between 3% and 6% to 8% by 36 and 72 hr of flooding, respectively. Porosity of PI 128644 hypocotyls was unchanged by 72 hr of inundation. Flooding did not affect the secondary root porosity of either accession. The limited capacity of PI 128644 seedlings to develop AR and aerenchyma was not related to an inability to synthesize 1-aminocyclopropane-l.carboxylic acid or ethylene in response to hypoxia. Chemical name used: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC).</jats:p>

Internal aeration and respiration of submerged tomato hypocotyls are enhanced by ethylene‐mediated aerenchyma formation and hypertrophy

“…In this study, we have shown that tomato plants are able to effectively improve internal aeration in submerged stems via ethylene‐mediated aerenchyma formation and cortical cell expansion. Similar to a previous report (McNamara and Mitchell ), we have observed that there is a fourfold increase in stem hypertrophy (Fig. A,B) and porosity of submerged stems (Fig.…”

“…Tomato plants are considered to be susceptible to flooding stress (Bradford , McNamara and Mitchell , Bhatt et al ). However, several adaptive responses allow them to mitigate the deleterious effect of root hypoxia.…”

QTL Analysis of Adventitious Root Formation in Common Bean under Contrasting Phosphorus Availability

“…: Bacanamwo and Purcell, 1999], Rumex ssp. (Visser et al, 1996), tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum L.: McNamara and Mitchell, 1990), and maize ( Zea mays L.: Mano et al, 2005). In common bean phosphorus availability regulates adventitious rooting (Miller et al, 2003); however, there is a lack of information regarding the genetic basis for adventitious rooting and related traits.…”

High Resolution Assessment of Spatio-Temporal Changes in O2 Concentration in Root-Pathogen Interaction

“…The low rates of O 2 consumption can be related to potential root O 2 emissions. Several studies have shown aerenchyma tissue development and O 2 emissions from tomato roots and for other cultures as well, as a consequence of waterlogging (Kawase and Whitmoyer, 1980 ; McNamara and Mitchell, 1990 ; Xu et al, 2013 ; Vidoz et al, 2016 ).…”

“…As an example, the roots influence the surrounding soil environment by releasing a blend of exudate compounds, which act as signals in plant-pathogen interaction (both for defense and/or pathogen stimulation) and can stimulate, for example, the germination of Fol microconidia (Bais et al, 2006 ; Steinkellner et al, 2009 ; Baetz and Martinoia, 2014 ). Besides consuming O 2 for respiratory activities, root O 2 emissions have been observed in plants inhabiting freshwater biomes, such as wetlands or flood-prone environments (McNamara and Mitchell, 1990 ; Colmer, 2003 ; Xu et al, 2013 ; Rudolph-Mohr et al, 2017 ).…”