Adapting Mini‐Mental State Examination for dementia screening among illiterate or minimally educated elderly Chinese

Xu, Gelin; Meyer, John Stirling; Huang, Yuan-Gui; Du, Fei; Chowdhury, Munir; Quach, Minh

doi:10.1002/gps.890

Cited by 93 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…This study showed that the educational level, similar to previous results, significantly affect the MMSE score [11, 13,15,16]. The mean MMSE scores improved progressively with improvement in the education level from primary to higher levels in dementia group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

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Validation study of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Urdu language for Pakistani population

Awan¹,

Shahbaz²,

Akhtar³

et al. 2015

Open Neurology J

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Validation study of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Urdu language for Pakistani populationObjective: This study was conducted primarily to validate and determine the optimal cutoff score in the diagnosis of dementia among Pakistani's and study the effects of gender and education on the MMSE performance in our population.Methods: Four hundred participants took part in the study. Patient with dementia recruited from five major hospitals from Pakistan. The MMSE was translated into Urdu.Results: There were 61 men and 39 women in dementia group and 225 men and 75 women in the control group. The mean score of Urdu MMSE were lower in patients with dementia 18.5 ± 5.6 (range 0-30) as compared to the controls 26.8 ± 2.6 (range 7-30). This difference between groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). Educational based MMSE score below 15 yielded perfect sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of dementia.Conclusions: These finding confirm the influence of level of education on MMSE score and education stratified cutoff scores should be used while screening for cognitive impairment in this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The reason may be that most of control subjects in this study were educated as compare to dementia group. Xu et al calculated different cutoff score for educated and uneducated individuals [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation study of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Urdu language for Pakistani population

Awan¹,

Shahbaz²,

Akhtar³

et al. 2015

Open Neurology J

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“…21 A score of 20 on the MMSE was reported as an optimal cutoff point for illiterate or minimally educated elderly Chinese. 22 …”

Section: Hsieh Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Barthel Index in Stroke Patients

Hsieh

Wang

et al. 2007

Neurorehabil Neural Repair

252

180

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Background. The interpretation of the change scores of the Barthel Index (BI) in follow-up or outcome studies has been hampered by the fact that its minimal clinically important difference (MCID) has not been determined. Objective. This article was written to establish the MCID of the BI in stroke patients. Methods. Both anchor-based and distribution-based methods were used to establish the MCID. In the anchorbased method, 43 stroke inpatients participated in a follow-up study designed to determine the MCID of the BI using patients' global ratings of the activities of daily living function on a 15-point Likert-type scale. The mean change scores on the 20-point scale of the BI of the MCID group, based on the patients' ratings on the Likert-type scale, served as the first estimate of the MCID. In the distribution-based method, 56 chronic stroke patients participated in the test-retest reliability study to determine the MCID of the BI. One standard error of measurement (SEM) served as the second estimate for the MCID. The larger MCID value of the 2 estimates was chosen as the MCID of the BI. Results. In the anchor-based study, there were 20 patients in the MCID group, with a mean change score of 1.85 points (ie, the first MCID estimate). In the distribution-based study, the SEM based on test-retest agreement was 1.45 points (ie, the second MCID estimate). The MCID of the BI in stroke patients was estimated to be 1.85 points. Conclusion. The authors' results, within the limitations of their design, suggest that if the mean BI change score within a stroke group has reached 1.85 points in a study, the change score on the BI can be perceived by patients as

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“…There was no correlation between both scales and education 14,15 . There is a large amount of research on the correlation between education and cognitive per- formance, but our results could have two explanations: the tasks in these two scales are quite simple and there is a clear floor effect in control or less advanced dementia patients; the education bias might disappear at a relatively early stage of dementias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Comparison between neuropsychological evaluation instruments for severe dementia

Wajman

Bertolucci

2006

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Objective: To study the correlation between two tools for cognitive evaluation, Mini-Mental State Examination-severe (MMSE-s) and Severe Impairment Battery (SIB), and the Bristol Daily Activities Functional Scale. Method: 50 patients from the Behavioral Neurology Section -EPM-UNIFESP -were evaluated. Mean age was 76.8±7.9 (range 57 to 95); 32% were males; mean education was 5.0±2.3 years (range 4 to 15); mean disease duration was 3.9±1.5 years (range 2 to 10). Results: Preliminary results in a small sample drawn from the study group do indicate a difference between the three cognitive scales. SIB and MMSE-s had a better correlation with functional score than MMSE, and MMSE-s had a correlation slightly better than SIB. Conclusion: These data indicate that it is possible to follow dementia patients up to severe stage as long as adequate instruments are used, and that there may be differences between scales with regard to sensitivity.KEY WORDS: cognitive tests, daily activities functional scale, dementia. AD is the most common dementing disorder in the elderly population. Typically this disorder has a insidious onset, with progressive decline of memory, followed by other cognitive areas, such as executive function, language, and praxis 2 . It is estimated that in the United States only more than four million elderly have dementia at a severe stage and another one and half million dementia at mild or moderate stage. It is expected that the population with dementia in that country will rise to nine million by 2030 3 . Investigations in São Paulo state hinterland showed the same trend 4 , with an estimated 750 thousands to one million Brazilians with dementia. The realization of the huge dimension of AD has brought a lot of interest in treating and following these patients as they progress to more advanced disease stages. Many scales have been developed for the evaluation of pre-clinical, mild and moderate stages 5 , but the same is not true for the evaluation of patients in more severe stage, for whom relatively few investigations have been undertaken 6 . Comparação de instrumentos de avaliação neuropsicológica para a demência grave RESUMO -The evaluation of cognitive abilities in these patients would fill several clinical and research needs, like the identification of less affected cognitive areas, which could in turn be used by health professionals

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Adapting Mini‐Mental State Examination for dementia screening among illiterate or minimally educated elderly Chinese

Abstract: Results suggest that in the socio-cultural context for Chinese, irrespective of their literacy skills, CAMSE proved feasible for use in clinical settings for dementia screening.

Cited by 93 publications

References 28 publications

Validation study of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Urdu language for Pakistani population

Validation study of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Urdu language for Pakistani population

Establishing the Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Barthel Index in Stroke Patients

Comparison between neuropsychological evaluation instruments for severe dementia

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