Adaptation to climatic changes of the timing of bud burst in populations of Pinus sylvestris L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst.

Abstract

To assess the long-term effects of the projected climatic change on Scots pine and Norway spruce in Finland, observations were made on the timing of bud burst in provenance experiments established in 1931-1932 and in 1978. Significant differences in the timing of bud burst were found between seed origins. The northernmost origins flushed earlier than origins from southern regions. However, no correlation was found between the effective temperature sum at which bud burst took place and the annual mean temperature sum at the original location, probably because the experiments included origins from southerly high-altitude sites. When the degree days before bud burst in the 1931 and 1978 Norway spruce experiments at Punkaharju were compared, it appeared that, in the older experiment, the populations had adapted to the environment at the new site as a result of selective thinning.

Spring phenology shows genetic variation among and within populations in seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) in the Scottish Highlands

“…Further, in addition to 539 young seedlings, evidence of adaptive differentiation among populations in timing of bud 540 flush has been observed when examining Scots pine trees aged over 10 (Steiner 1979) or 541 approximately 60 years (Beuker 1994). Thus, in further discussion we assume that the 542 differences observed in this study reflect mainly genetic variation among seedlings.…”

Growth and phenology variation in progeny of Scots pine seed orchards and commercial seed stands

“…If maladapted material is planted, repeated frost injuries may result in growth reductions and stem deformations. Genetic variations in bud burst timing have been found in large provenance experiments with Scots pine (Beuker 1994;Mátyás 1981;Steiner 1979a) and other coniferous tree species (Beuker 1994;Prescher 1982;Rehfeldt 1982;St. Clair et al 2005;Steiner 1979a, b).…”

Effects of Elevated CO2Concentration on Leaf Phenology of Quercus acutissima

“…이러한 생물계절현상 변화에 대한 연구 는 생산성 및 동해피해 발생과 연계되기 때문에 봄의 개엽과 가을의 낙엽 또는 동아 형성 시기에 대한 것 이 주를 이루고 있다 (Chen et al, 1999;Karnosky, 2003). 아한대 지역에서의 이른 개엽은 생육기간의 연 장으로 탄소흡수의 증대를 기대할 수 있지만 (Beuker, 1994;Chen et al, 1999), 생육시기 초기의 잎과 줄 기 조직은 성숙한 조직에 비하여 민감하기 때문에 이 른 개엽은 늦서리에 의한 피해 가능성이 높아지게 된 다 (Murray et al, 1989;Taschler et al, 2004). 한 편 일부 수종에서는 이산화탄소가 높아진 환경이 수용 성 당의 함량을 높여 내한성이 증가한다고 보고되었다 (Ögren et al, 1997).…”