Adaptation of the century model to simulate C and N dynamics of Caatinga dry forest before and after deforestation

Althoff, Tiago Diniz; Menezes, Rômulo Simões Cézar; Pinto, Alexandre de Siqueira; Pareyn, Frans Germain Corneel; Carvalho, André Luiz de; Martins, Júlio César Rodrigues; Carvalho, Eric Xavier de; Silva, Antônio Samuel Alves da; Dutra, Emmanuel Damilano; Sampaio, Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2017.11.016

Cited by 52 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…No Semiárido brasileiro, estima-se que metade da superfície da Caatinga foi modificada. A remoção da vegetação aumenta a fragilidade das terras e intensifica o processo de desertificação (Althoff et al, 2018). A Bacia do rio Pajeú, uma das sub-bacias situadas no Semiárido brasileiro, possui como principal característica as grandes modificações na cobertura vegetal e do uso da terra, que tem avançado desde a década de 70 do Século XX, e sido agravadas pelas mudanças climáticas globais.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Índices morfofisiológicos e biofísicos da palma forrageira cultivada sob tecnologias hídricas na bacia do Rio Pajeú

Nunes

Salvador

Jardim

et al. 2020

J. Env. Anal. Progr.

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Estima-se que metade da superfície da Caatinga já foi modificada. A remoção da vegetação aumenta a fragilidade das terras e intensifica o processo de desertificação. Sob condições de aporte hídrico variado, a adoção de tecnologias hídricas é indicada. As características morfofisiológicas e biofísicas da palma forrageira foram investigadas neste estudo como indicativo à adequação do manejo da cultura sob diferentes tecnologias hídricas (clones, irrigação e cobertura morta). O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, e sob três ambientes de crescimento com uma ou mais tecnologias hídricas: RH(-) - clones sob regime hídrico inferior à normal climatológica (sequeiro); RH(+) - clones sob regime hídrico superior à normal climatológica (irrigado); e, RH(+C) - clones sob regime hídrico superior à normal climatológica (irrigado) e adoção de cobertura morta. Os clones avaliados foram: IPA Sertânia e Miúda, e Orelha de Elefante Mexicana. Medidas biométricas foram obtidas ao longo do tempo e a matéria seca na ocasião da colheita, a partir dos quais, calculou-se índices morfofisiológicos e biofísicos. Os ambientes de crescimento e sua interação com os clones afetaram apenas a magnitude do índice de distribuição dos cladódios de 5ª ordem (p < 0,05), mas foram decisivos na sazonalidade do acúmulo de matéria seca pelos clones. A maioria dos índices morfofisiológicos e biofísicos foi influenciada pelo tipo de clone (p < 0,05). Os índices biofísicos se mostram ótimas opções de substituição ou complementação dos índices morfofisiológicos quando se dispõem apenas de dados biométricos e de matéria seca da ocasião da colheita da palma forrageira.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Logo, diferentes usos de solo podem ser observados ao longo de sua extensão, que incluem áreas preservadas de Caatinga e outras com diferentes níveis de perturbações antrópicas (i.e. pecuária extensiva, desmatamento, manejo inadequado da agricultura) (Jardim et al, 2017;Althoff et al, 2018;Queiroz et al, 2019;Queiroz et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Índices morfofisiológicos e biofísicos da palma forrageira cultivada sob tecnologias hídricas na bacia do Rio Pajeú

Nunes

Salvador

Jardim

et al. 2020

J. Env. Anal. Progr.

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“…SOC is connected to numerous ecosystem functions upon which humans depend in the Caatinga, so that changes will have immediate consequences for the local population (Thomas, 2012). As in other drylands, SOC in the Caatinga is concentrated in the uppermost centimeters (Schulz et al, 2016) and therefore very sensitive to disturbance (Althoff et al, 2018). As this corresponds with the biocrust stratum, their presence might have a great impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possible positive effects of soil fertilization by biocrusts could be lost in the future, as the Caatinga is highly threatened by climate change and land use and land-use-driven reductions in SOC stocks have been reported for biocrusts (Thomas et al, 2011). The Caatinga is poorly understood in terms of biogeochemical cycling in general (Moura et al, 2016;Althoff et al, 2018) but more so for biocrust influence. Nonetheless, because of its size it may play an important role in global nutrient cycles and could act as a potential sink for atmospheric CO2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neglected but Potent Dry Forest Players: Ecological Role and Ecosystem Service Provision of Biological Soil Crusts in the Human-Modified Caatinga

et al. 2019

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Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) have been recognized as key ecological players in arid and semiarid regions at both local and global scales. They are important biodiversity components, provide critical ecosystem services, and strongly influence soil-plant relationships, and successional trajectories via facilitative, competitive, and edaphic engineering effects. Despite these important ecological roles, very little is known about biocrusts in seasonally dry tropical forests. Here we present a first baseline study on biocrust cover and ecosystem service provision in a human-modified landscape of the Brazilian Caatinga, South America's largest tropical dry forest. More specifically, we explored (1) across a network of 34 0.1 ha permanent plots the impact of disturbance, soil, precipitation, and vegetation-related parameters on biocrust cover in different stages of forest regeneration, and (2) the effect of disturbance on species composition, growth and soil organic carbon sequestration comparing early and late successional communities in two case study sites at opposite ends of the disturbance gradient. Our findings revealed that biocrusts are a conspicuous component of the Caatinga ecosystem with at least 50 different taxa of cyanobacteria, algae, lichens and bryophytes (cyanobacteria and bryophytes dominating) covering nearly 10% of the total land surface and doubling soil organic carbon content relative to bare topsoil. High litter cover, high disturbance by goats, and low soil compaction were the leading drivers for reduced biocrust cover, while precipitation was not associated Second-growth forests supported anequally spaced biocrust cover, while in old-growth-forests biocrust cover was patchy. Disturbance reduced biocrust growth by two thirds and carbon sequestration by half. In synthesis, biocrusts increase soil organic carbon (SOC) in dry forests and as they double the SOC content in disturbed areas, may be capable of counterbalancing disturbance-induced soil degradation in this ecosystem. As they fix and fertilize depauperated soils, they may play a substantial role in vegetation regeneration in the human-modified Caatinga, and may have an extended ecological role due to the Szyja et al. Caatinga Biocrust Distribution and Services ever-increasing human encroachment on natural landscapes. Even though biocrusts benefit from human presence in dry forests, high levels of anthropogenic disturbance could threaten biocrust-provided ecosystem services, and call for further, in-depth studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

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“…The high CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere is worrying, as it generates an increase in the greenhouse effect, and consequently causes global warming (Achard and House 2015;Coomes et al 2017;Brahma et al 2018). In this scenario, dry tropical forest areas play an important role, and the Caatinga vegetation in northeastern Brazil significantly contributes to the global carbon cycle through the aboveground biomass and carbon stock (Sampaio and Silva 2005;Althoff et al 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Modeling and Spatialization of Biomass and Carbon Stock Using Lidar Metrics in Tropical Dry Forest, Brazil: Preliminary Results

Lima

Oliveira

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: In recent years, with the growing environmental concern regarding climate change, there has been a search for efficient alternatives in indirect methods for studies on the quantification of biomass and forest carbon stock. In this article, we seek to obtain pioneering and preliminary results of estimates of biomass and carbon using data from conventional forest inventory and LiDAR technology in a dry tropical forest in Brazil. We used data from conventional forest inventory in two areas together with data from the LiDAR overflight, generating local biomass estimates from a developed local equation and the carbon levels obtained from local species. With data from LiDAR technology, we extracted the metrics from the point cloud and were used as an independent variable. For the construction of the biomass and carbon allometric models per hectare, we approach three types of models for data analysis: Multiple linear regression with Principal Components - PCA, Conventional multiple linear regression and Multiple linear regression with Stepwise, the generated equations were analyzed by comparisons of statistical criteria (R²aj and RMSE). After selecting the best equation, we generate the carbon estimates by area by assessing the plot level.Results: The best fit TAGB and TAGC model was the multiple linear regression with Stepwise, concluding, then, that LiDAR data can be used to estimate biomass and total carbon in dry tropical forest, proven by an adjustment considered in the models employed, with a significant correlation between the LiDAR metrics.Conclusions: Our preliminary results provide important information about the spatial distribution of TAGB and TAGC in the study area, which can be used to manage the reserve for optimal carbon sequestration.

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Adaptation of the century model to simulate C and N dynamics of Caatinga dry forest before and after deforestation

Cited by 52 publications

References 32 publications

Índices morfofisiológicos e biofísicos da palma forrageira cultivada sob tecnologias hídricas na bacia do Rio Pajeú

Índices morfofisiológicos e biofísicos da palma forrageira cultivada sob tecnologias hídricas na bacia do Rio Pajeú

Neglected but Potent Dry Forest Players: Ecological Role and Ecosystem Service Provision of Biological Soil Crusts in the Human-Modified Caatinga

Modeling and Spatialization of Biomass and Carbon Stock Using Lidar Metrics in Tropical Dry Forest, Brazil: Preliminary Results

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