Adaptation of a Cancer Clinical Trials Education Program for African American and Latina/o Community Members

Abstract

The pilot study reported in this article culturally and linguistically adapted an educational intervention to promote cancer clinical trials (CCTs) participation among Latinas/os and African Americans. The single-session slide presentation with embedded videos, originally developed through a campus–community partnership in Southern California, was chosen for adaptation because it was perceived to fit the CORRECT model of innovation (credible, observable, relevant, relatively advantageous, easy to understand, compatible, and testable) and because of the potential to customize any components not identified as core, allowing them to be revised for cultural and linguistic alignment in New York City. Most of the 143 community participants (76.2%) were female; most (54.6%) were older than 59 years. More than half (78.3%) preferred to speak English or were bilingual in English and Spanish. A large proportion (41.3%) had not completed high school. Knowledge and perceived benefits and barriers regarding CCT showed small, though statistically significant, increases. There were no statistically significant group differences for changes in mean knowledge, perceived benefits, or perceived barriers when examined by ethnicity, education level, language, or other included sociodemographic variables. However, a small, but statistically significant difference in perceived barriers was observed when examined by country of origin, with the foreign born score worsening 0.08 points (SD = 0.47, p = .007) on the 5-point Likert-type scale administered posteducation compared to preeducation. Participants’ open-ended comments demonstrated the acceptability of the topic and intervention. This adaptation resulted in an intervention with the potential to educate African American and Latina/o general community members in a new geographic region about the purpose, methods, and benefits of CCTs.

A pilot study of a culturally-appropriate, educational intervention to increase participation in cancer clinical trials among African Americans and Latinos

“…Results demonstrated that participants increased their levels of knowledge and were more willing to participate in cancer clinical trials post-intervention. These results con rmed our hypothesis and are in line with past research that has demonstrated cancer clinical trial educational programs increased awareness, knowledge, and attitudes towards research [17,[22][23]32]. For example, Green et al found that a culturally-tailored, educational module using three formats (i.e., Call and Response, Role-Play, and Workshop) signi cantly increased awareness on cancer clinical trials, access to clinical trial opportunities, and improved intentions to engage in decision-making regarding cancer clinical trials [23].…”

“…Few educational interventions on cancer clinical trials have been speci cally designed to target racial/ethnic minorities, including African Americans and Latinos [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Only a handful can be used across both populations [17,26]. Majority of these interventions are primarily for cancer patients in clinical settings to promote informed decision-making [18-21, 24-25, 29].…”

Use of Video Education Interventions to Increase Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Cancer Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review

“…Both Chalela, Muñoz, Gallion, Kaklamani, and Ramirez (2018) and Quinn et al (2013) engaged stakeholders in focus groups and beta tests of videos to glean information that informed their interventions. Banda, Libin, Wang, and Swain (2012), Pelto et al (2016), and Wells et al (2013) had video content approved or revised by stakeholders prior to testing. Wells et al (2013) referred to the process of culturally adapting content as "transcreation," noting that their goal was to go beyond using the correct language of the intended audience by also aiming to meet other informational needs (e.g., health literacy and cultural relevance).…”

“…For cultural sensitivity, videos featured patient narrators that were racially and ethnically congruent with the target population along with healthcare providers and other public servants (Banda et al, 2012;Chalela et al, 2018;Pelto et al, 2016;Robinson et al, 2017). Narrators were chosen to match the language of the intended population.…”

A Pilot Study of a Culturally-Appropriate, Educational Intervention to Increase Participation in Cancer Clinical Trials Among African Americans and Latinos

“…Few educational interventions on cancer clinical trials have been speci cally designed to target racial/ethnic minorities, including African Americans and Latinos [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Only a handful can be used across both populations [17,26].…”