Adaptation Becoming Business as Usual: A Framework for Climate-Change-Ready Transport Infrastructure

Quinn, Andrew; Ferranti, Emma; Hodgkinson, Simon P.; Jack, Anson; Beckford, John; Dora, John

doi:10.3390/infrastructures3020010

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…There is no climate change adaptation plan for BRT, and adaptive planning for longer term changes in climate increases resilience [51]. The municipal authority is currently procuring electric vehicles for current and future operations, building resilience by diversifying power source, and increasing environmental sustainability, which will become increasingly important as cities develop carbon emissions targets (SA3, SA4, SA6, SA8) and thereby building resilience to potential longer-term changes.…”

Section: Is the System Able To Respond To Changes And/or Shocks?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Challenges and Mega Sporting Events Legacy: The Case of BRT Systems in the Global South

et al. 2020

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This paper examines the bus rapid transit (BRT) legacies of mega sporting events (MSEs) held in the Global South cities of Cape Town and Rio de Janeiro. It discusses the extent to which these transport systems have been operationally sustainable, post-MSE; in other words, their ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level and hence their ability to act as public good as planned and according to specific needs. It argues that in both cities, long-term operational challenges have emerged due to conflictual temporalities between the priorities of the MSE and the mid/long term requirements of a transport system, supplemented by a poor spatial contextualisation of BRT design. These include financial viability, providing a service with appropriate frequency and capacity, integration with other transport systems, and resilience to external shocks such as extreme weather. These findings have key academic and policy implications both by opening further areas of research towards MSEs as a tool to deliver sustainable urban transport, and provides important lessons for future MSE hosts and cities considering BRT.Sustainability 2020, 12, 1609 2 of 17 there is very little insight into how these MSE-led infrastructures have been delivering the purposes for which they have been built, and specifically how the MSE imperatives may have affected its long-term development. In other words, we look here at the possible tensions of priorities between short-term ambitions (MSE) and long-term everyday needs. This indeed has a key impact on the authorities and operators who manage and fund public transport systems, and on the passengers who rely on it. To achieve this, the paper uses the term of operational sustainability, which is here shaped around the aim of assessing conflicting temporalities during setup of the project and hence reflecting on the wider implications for the long-term running and management of the network. We do so by bringing together the literature on MSE, sustainability, transport management, and infrastructure [8][9][10][11][12].This paper focuses on two cities whose transport network has been significantly impacted by hosting MSEs: Cape Town (South Africa) with the 2010 FIFA Football World Cup, and Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) with the 2016 Olympic Games. Each city constructed new bus rapid transit (BRT systems) under the auspices of hosting a MSE, and self-identified this in their proprietary communications and strategies as a transport legacy of the MSE. Through interviews with key stakeholders located in each city, this study assesses the benefits of the MSE for transport within the cities, such as reduced travel time in Rio de Janeiro, and a step-change in the quality of transport provision in Cape Town. It also considers the longer-term operational challenges such as financial viability that these BRT systems are facing post-MSE because they have not been sufficiently contextualised to the local transport situation and/or aligned with existing plans or policies. It is worth noting that this comparative rese...

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Section: Is the System Able To Respond To Changes And/or Shocks?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Challenges and Mega Sporting Events Legacy: The Case of BRT Systems in the Global South

et al. 2020

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“…Authors believe that research in this area will certainly contribute to climate adaptation within the existing strategies and procedures as part of contemporary ideas about climate adaptation as business as usual [81,82]. Future analysis in this research area will rely on collecting detailed data that will indicate reactions to changes in weather conditions throughout the day that often occur in short time intervals.…”

Section: Ključne Rečimentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Weather Conditions on Travel Demand – The Most Common Research Methods and Applied Models

Petrović¹,

Ivanović²,

Djoric³

et al. 2020

PROMET

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This paper presents an overview of the applied research methodologies and developed travel demand models that take weather impact into account. The paper deals with trip generation and modal split as elements of travel demand that best describe changes in the travel behaviour in different weather conditions. The authors herein emphasize the importance of research in local conditions in all climate zones, especially in areas where climate and modal split characteristics are different from those in common research areas. This review is designed as a brief guide on how the impact of weather can be explored in order to encourage conducting research even in the countries where there is no systematic traffic and travel data collection. The stated adaptation technique followed by the panel household travel surveys may be particularly appropriate for those countries. It is concluded that small budgets should not be considered an obstacle, because it is possible to draw reliable conclusions based even on small samples. Moreover, modern research methods enable a cheaper survey process together with the possibility of obtaining higher quality of results. The increasing popularity of research in this field should contribute to the creation of more resilient transport systems all over the world. A special contribution of this paper is the review of research studies carried out in central, western and southern Europe and not mentioned in any review paper before.

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“…Any simulation is only possible after the definition of all the data in the expression of the objective functions. Basically, this means define the following parameters: A and B of Equation (1) and C min , C var , and n of Equation (2). The values considered are price databases established for the area where the network is located (Colombia).…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate change adaptation in the infrastructure sector mitigates these damages by expanding the capacity of existing facilities or by installing new ones. According to Quinn et al [2], extreme events cause damages to public infrastructures, so they presented a methodology composed of an adaptation strategy and an implementation plan allowing transport infrastructures to mitigate the climate change effects with an aim to avoid service disruption and the associated financial costs. Additionally, to ensure flexibility when incorporating new knowledge, the implementation of their methodology aims to help users assess their adaptation grade and try to strengthen it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Drainage Networks Rehabilitation Using Multi-Objective Model and Search Space Reduction Methodology

2019

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The drainage network always needs to adapt to environmental and climatic conditions to provide best quality services. Rehabilitation combining pipes substitution and storm tanks installation appears to be a good solution to overcome this problem. Unfortunately, the calculation time of such a rehabilitation scenario is too elevated for single-objective and multi-objective optimization. In this study, a methodology composed by search space reduction methodology whose purpose is to decrease the number of decision variables of the problem to solve and a multi-objective optimization whose purpose is to optimize the rehabilitation process and represent Pareto fronts as the result of urban drainage networks optimization is proposed. A comparison between different model results for multi-objective optimization is made. To obtain these results, Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is first connected to a Pseudo Genetic Algorithm (PGA) for the search space reduction and then to a Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) for multi-objective optimization. Pareto fronts are designed for investment costs instead of flood damage costs. The methodology is applied to a real network in the city of Medellin in Colombia. The results show that search space reduction methodology provides models with a considerably reduced number of decision variables. The multi-objective optimization shows that the models’ results used after the search space reduction obtain better outcomes than in the complete model in terms of calculation time and optimality of the solutions.

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Adaptation Becoming Business as Usual: A Framework for Climate-Change-Ready Transport Infrastructure

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

Operational Challenges and Mega Sporting Events Legacy: The Case of BRT Systems in the Global South

Operational Challenges and Mega Sporting Events Legacy: The Case of BRT Systems in the Global South

Impact of Weather Conditions on Travel Demand – The Most Common Research Methods and Applied Models

Urban Drainage Networks Rehabilitation Using Multi-Objective Model and Search Space Reduction Methodology

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