Acylation of virol. spike glycoproteins: A feature of enveloped RNA viruses

Specific structural alteration of the influenza haemagglutinin by amantadine.

“…The only difference noted relative to control cells was the tendency of HA from either set of cells to sediment more diffusely ( Figure 5D)-the faster sedimenting HA present in the pellet and lower gradient fractions, in addition to undissociated nucleoprotein and matrix protein, presumably reflecting aggregation of low pH HA (Skehel et al, 1982). This modification, also noted with pH 5-treated HA, was amantadine specific and was absent in analyses of HA from amantadine-treated, RostockR infected cells ( Figure [3H]palmitate labelling of M2 (Schmidt, 1982) (Figure 8). Furthermore the data shown in Figure 6 are consistent with only the altered form of HAI/HA2, the HAl of which exhibits an increased migration, being produced in drugtreated cells.…”

The Biology of Coronaviruses

“…The virions acquire their lipid envelope from the cells, excluding host cell proteins in the process, and are subsequently transported through and accumulate in the Golgi complex and smooth walled vesicles. There is an absence of budding from the plasmalemma (Beesley & Hitchcock, 1982;Ducatelle et al, 1981 ;Holmes et al, 1981 ;M assalski et al, 1981, 1982. The mechanism of virus release has not been elucidated.…”

“…(Collins et al, 1982;Hasony & Macnaughton, 1981, 1982Schmidt & Kenny, 1981, 1982Yaseen & Johnson-Lussenburg, 1981). Studies on the antigenic relationships of coronaviruses present a complex pattern, but the data suggest that the family can be divided into four distinct groups, and these are shown in Table 2 (Gerna et al, 1981 ;Horzinek et al, 1982;Macnaughton, 1981;Maru & Sato, 1982;Pedersen et al, 1978;Pensaert et al, 1981;Reynolds et al, 1980;Schmidt & Kenny, 1981).…”

“…Fig. 2 shows a schematic model of the MHV coronavirion and the relationship of its RNA and protein components (Callebaut & Pensaert, 1980;Cavanagh, 1981 ;Dennis & Brian, 1982;Garwes & Reynolds, 1981 ;Holmes et al, 1981 ;King & Brian, 1982;Lai & Stohlman, 1981 b;Laporte & Bobulesco, 1981 ;Lomniczi & Morser, 1981 ;Niemann & Klenk, 1981a;Obert et al, 1981;Rottier et al, 1981a, b;Schmidt, 1982;Schmidt & Kenny, 1982;Schochetman et al, 1977;Siddell, 1982;Siddell et al, 1981 a, b;Stohlman & Lai, 1979;Storz et al, 1981a;Sturman et al, 1980;Tannock & Hierholzer, 1978).…”

“…coronavirion envelope protein, which constitutes the surface peplomer, is responsible for eliciting neutralizing antibodies during infection (Collins et al, 1982;Hasony & Macnaughton, 1981, 1982Schmidt & Kenny, 1981, 1982. In many cases different molecular weight forms (80000 to 200000 mol.…”