Acute triggers of myocardial infarction: A case-crossover study

Abstract

BackgroundAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most preventable non-communicable diseases in human. Identifying triggers of myocardial infarction (MI) and prevention ways of exposure-induced complications can reduce morbidity and mortality in people at risk.AimThe aim of this study was to identify the emotional, environmental, physical and chemical dimensions of acute triggers in patients with AMI.MethodsThis case-crossover study was conducted on 269 patients with AMI, hospitalized at two remedial centers in Rasht in 2015. The study samples were selected by convenient sampling method. Data were collected using researcher-made questionnaire through interviews. Hazard and control periods for each trigger and its effects on the development of MI were studied. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods, Cochran test, and generalized estimating equation (GEE) model with logistics function default in SPSS version 21, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe results showed that quarrel (P = 0.008, OR = 2.01) and hearing the sudden news (P = 0.001, OR = 2.19) were the most common emotional triggers. Respiratory infections (P = 0.0001, OR = 6.78) and exposure to hot or cold weather (P = 0.005, OR = 2.19) were the most frequent environmental triggers. Doing heavy activities (P = 0.005, OR = 1.66) and sexual activities (P = 0.003, OR = 2.36) were among the most common physical triggers. High-fat foods consumption and overeating (P = 0.0001, OR = 3.79) were the most frequent chemical triggers of AMI.ConclusionIt seems that given the importance of the triggers in the incidence of AMI, planning is necessary to train vulnerable individuals to reduce exposure to triggers.

Myocardial infarction and alcohol consumption: A case-control study

“…Contrary to that, a case-crossover study of 250 incident acute myocardial infarction cases in Switzerland found no evidence that the effect of binge drinking was significant [ 38 ]. Also, a recent a case-crossover study in Iran showed that alcohol abuse was not an acute trigger associated with significantly increased risk of myocardial infarction [ 39 ]. Possible explanations for the differences in results of these studies could include differences both in the characteristics of respondents (in terms of age, gender, occupation, comorbidity) and in the study design (in terms of the differences in selection of the cases with myocardial infarction and their controls, choice of the reference category for assessment of alcohol consumption, etc).…”

The Effects of Apparent Temperature on Cardiovascular Mortality Using a Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model Analysis: 2005 to 2014

“…2 Extreme events weather are known to contribute to an increase in morbidity and mortality, particularly in vulnerable groups(eg, the elderly, children, and people with chronic diseases). 3,4 From 1999 to 2009, 7233 heat-related deaths occurred in the United States. 5 The evaluations of the relevance between metrological variables, such as temperature, and health can help identify mitigation and prevention strategies.…”

“…7 The CVDs—including coronary heart disease and other heart diseases—are the most preventable noncommunicable diseases worldwide. 3,8 The CVDs are highly sensitive to weather variations. Many studies have reported that both cold and hot temperatures had adverse effects on cardiovascular mortality.…”

Cardiovascular Responses and Cardiac Work of Selected Daily Activities in Young Healthy Indian Participants

“…Acute myocardial ischemia may occur after physical activity [28,29]. For instance, a previous study suggests that there is a 5.7-fold increase in the risk of acute MI immediately or within 2 h of vigorous physical exertion [30,31] and a 1.6-fold increase in the risk of acute MI immediately or within 2 h of moderate physical exertion compared to rest or low-intensity activities [30].…”