Acute toxicity of fatty acids to the freshwater green alga Selenastrum capricornutum

Abstract

The acute toxicity of fatty acids (C14 to C18) commonly found in wood was determined by the standard algal growth inhibition test using the freshwater green alga Selenastrum capricornutum. Toxicity, quantified as IC50 values, varied depending on the number of total carbons and double bonds. Of the tested acids, oleic (cis-9-octadecenoic) acid showed the highest toxicity (72-h IC50 = 0.47 mg/L) to the alga, and triolein, a triglyceride of oleic acid, showed no apparent toxicity. Further examination of a series of C18:1 acids with a double bond at the 6, 11, or 12 position revealed that both double-bond position and cis or trans configuration affected toxicity. The 72-h IC50 data for these fatty acids and related compounds seemed to correlate well with the melting point (mp), showing two separate linear relationships: at mp < 35 degrees C toxicity increased with increasing melting point, and at mp > 40 degrees C toxicity decreased with melting point.

Identification of toxic fatty acid amides isolated from the harmful alga Prymnesium parvum carter

“…While fatty acids have been implicated in ichthyotoxicity and the cytotoxicity of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria, existing possibly as allelochemicals or grazing deterrents (Collins, 1978;Kamaya et al, 2003;Wu et al, 2006;Alamsjah et al, 2007;Manning and La Claire, 2010), this is the first study known to the authors that implicates fatty acid amides as the toxic metabolites of P. parvum. Fatty acid amides are typically found in grasses and microalgae (Dembitsky et al, 2000).…”

Allelochemical ethyl 2-methyl acetoacetate (EMA) induces oxidative damage and antioxidant responses in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

“…For example, monoterpene substance secreted from tropical marine red algae inhibit the growth of chlorella fusca [2] and the diterpenoid substances from the aquatic plants inhibit the growth of single-cell green alga Selenastrum capricornutum [3]. Kamaya et al [4] reported that the growth of S. capricornutum was strongly inhibited by long chain fatty acids. There are still many related reports that can be referenced [5][6][7].…”

Detection of Androgenic-Mutagenic Compounds and Potential Autochthonous Bacterial Communities during In Situ Bioremediation of Post-methanated Distillery Sludge

“…Octadecanoic acid and hexadecanoic were detected in our study, which have been reported to be anti-quorum sensing molecules in bacterial products (Singh et al, 2013). However, in some studies octadecanoic acid has also been reported to be a toxic compound in aquatic systems (Kamaya et al, 2003), while hexadecanoic acid has been reported to be a DNA fragmentation inducer in a human melanoma cell line (de Sousa Andrade et al, 2005). Similar compounds have been reported by various researchers, and so our data support results reported previously (González et al, 2000; Quinn et al, 2007).…”