Acute toxicity of chromate, DDT, PCP, TPBS, and zinc toDaphnia magna cultured in hard and soft water

Berglind, Rune; Dave, Göran

doi:10.1007/bf01625512

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Some OC insecticides used in the past include p,p 0 -dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p 0 -DDT), dieldrin and several isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane. Because of their detrimental effects on wildlife [5][6][7][8][9][10] and suspected harmful effects in humans, 11 most OC insecticides were banned for use in the United States and many other developed countries by the 1980s. However, many of the OC insecticides persist in the environment and human tissue for years, [12][13][14][15][16] and thus are still of concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring of exposure to pesticides

Barr¹

2008

J. Chem. Health Saf.

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Pesticides are widely used chemicals making human exposure to pesticides a realistic possibility. Biomonitoring is a common and useful tool for assessing human exposure to pesticides. For the past several decades, methods have been developed to measure a variety of pesticides in human urine or blood to evaluate exposures. Many of these methods have employed analytical techniques such as chromatography and mass spectrometry to accurately measure urinary metabolites or blood body burdens of several classes of pesticides. The pesticides assessed include the banned organochlorine pesticides, the more modern organophosphorus, carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides along with a variety of herbicides including phenoxyacetic acids and triazines. These methods are capable of detecting concentrations in biological samples resulting from occupational exposures to pesticides, and in some instances, general background exposures from residential or dietary exposures. These data have been used for a variety of applications. They have documented the pervasiveness of pesticide exposures, have allowed us to determine the primary predictors of exposure in certain populations, have helped us to identify the most important pathways of exposure, and have helped us to better understand any potential risks associated with exposures. In addition, these methods have helped us to document poisoning cases and identify etiologic agents in crisis situations. We discuss the methods that have been employed over the last 40 years and how these methods have addressed critical public health questions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring of exposure to pesticides

Barr¹

2008

J. Chem. Health Saf.

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“…Acute toxicity tests with single species are still the first line of attack when assessing the toxicity of chemicals and they remain the primary means of estimating potential damage or impact to the environment (Cairns 1983). It is recognized that many factors, including age and/or stage of test organism may critically affect the behavior of a chemical and thus affect the outcome of toxicity tests ( Canton and Adema 1978;Berglind and Dave 1984;Persoone et al 1989;Stephenson et al 1991). Previous investigations indicate that earlier life stages of invertebrates are more sensitive than later ones (Epifanio 1971;Conklin and Rao 1978;Bodar et al 1989).…”

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confidence: 99%

Acute Sensitivity of Three Age Classes of Artemia salina Larvae to Seven Chlorinated Solvents

Sánchez-Fortún¹,

Sanz

Santa-Maria

et al. 1997

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…It is recognized that factors such as water hardness, pH, temperature, chemical formulation, species, age and/or stage of development of test organisms, to mention only a few, may critically affect the behavior of a chemical and thus effect the outcome of toxicity tests (Canton and Adema 1978;Berglind and Dave 1984;Persoone et al 1989). Several studies dealing with the susceptibility of early life stages of invertebrates to pollutants have been reported in the literature (Middaugh and Dean 1977;Conklin and Rao 1978;Kaur and Dhawan 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Sensitivity of Three Age Classes of Artemia salina Larvae to Several Phenolic Compounds

Barahona

Sánchez-Fortún

1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Phenolic compounds have been used because they are among the most toxic and ubiquitous environmental contaminants present in many industrial wastes. It is recognized that factors such as water hardness, pH, temperature, chemical formulation, species, age and/or stage of development of test organisms, to mention only a few, may critically affect the behavior of a chemical and thus effect the outcome of toxicity tests (Canton and Adema 1978; Berglind and Dave 1984; Persoone et al. 1989). Several studies dealing with the susceptibility of early life stages of invertebrates to pollutants have been reported in the literature (Middaugh and Dean 1977; Conklin and Rao 1978; Kaur and Dhawan 1993). An extensive literature review revealed information on the toxicity of different phenolic compounds to some species of fish and invertebrates. However, there is little information on acute toxicity of these compounds to different age classes of Artemia salina larvae. Artemia salina are of major importance in the aquaculture industry and they have been proposed as a uniform world-wide test system for toxicity of chemical substances (Vanhaeke et al. 1981) and for studies in developmental toxicology (Sleet and Brendel 1985). Previous investigations in this laboratory have shown that Artemia salina larvae exhibit increased sensitivity to certain chemicals in relation to aging. The present study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of some phenolic compounds (pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2,6-dichloroindophenol (2,6-DCIP), 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP), o-nitrophenol (o-NP), p-nitrophenol (p-NP), diamidophenol, diaminophenol and 2,6-dimenthylphenol (2,6-DMP) on Artemia salina 24-, 48- and 168- hr old to determine if changes in sensitivity occur during the first week after emergence.

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Acute toxicity of chromate, DDT, PCP, TPBS, and zinc toDaphnia magna cultured in hard and soft water

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

Biomonitoring of exposure to pesticides

Biomonitoring of exposure to pesticides

Acute Sensitivity of Three Age Classes of Artemia salina Larvae to Seven Chlorinated Solvents

Comparative Sensitivity of Three Age Classes of Artemia salina Larvae to Several Phenolic Compounds

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