Acute toxicity evaluation of mixture of neem (Azadirachta indica) and moringa (Moringa oleifera) seed oils in rats

Abstract

The toxicity of the mixture of neem and moringa seed oils in the ratio of 1:3 was evaluated based on some biomarkers of liver and kidney functions of Wistar Albino rats. Thirty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into six groups of five rats each. Group A served as control. Groups B, C, D, E and F received doses of 100, 1000, 1600, 2900 and 5000 mg/kg body weight of ratio 1:3 neem-moringa seed oil, respectively. The albino rats were observed for any changes for seven days; during this period, they were allowed free access to food and water ad-libitum. The rats were weighed and made to fast overnight. The serum obtained was used to determine the serum level of alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Similarly, liver and kidney tissues were removed and homogenized separately in a normal saline in ratio of 1:10 w/v. The homogenate of liver was centrifuged and the supernatant was used to determine total protein and billirubine while that of kidney was used for determining creatinine and urea. The results of all the biochemical parameters tested did not show any significant difference (P>0.05) from the control up to the dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight and did not produce any visible toxic effect. The dosage of 1:3 mixtures of neem-moringa seed oils appeared to be safe for humans.

Inhibitory effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) and moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extracts on egg hatch of root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

“…When neem seed oil and moringa seed oil were combine in the ratio 1:3 and administered to albino rats by Ilesanmi et al, (2017) [14], the rats showed no sign of renal or hepatic injury even though they were immobilized at first. This means that the oil administered sedated the rats and could be further researched as possible cure for insomnia.…”

Sustainability of protein potential in nagara beans (Vigna unguiculata ssp Cylindrica) from South Kalimantan

“…In addition, cowpea found in Nigeria is almost the same as the amino acid composition of nagara beans. Most of the amino acids found are glutamic acid and aspartic acid [19]. The amino acid composition of the nagara bean is almost the same as that of the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) found in California.…”

Effects of Balanite (Balanites aegyptiaca) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) Oils against the Tropical Warehouse Moth (Ephestia cautella) in Stored Maize

“…The author reported that response of panelists on the effects of varying doses of different plant powders (A. nilotica, C. aurantifolia, B. aegyptica and synthetic pesticide (Actellic) on the colour, odour and taste of treated cooked maize seeds after 90 days of storage did not cause any significant change on palatability of the maize. Ilesanmi and Gungula (2011) also reported that the characteristic flavor of the oils was found in neem treated cowpea samples but was insignificant to alter the acceptability in terms of f1avour of the treated samples. Danjumma et al (2019) reported that grain treated with varying doses of B. aegyptiaca recorded moderate values, without any significance difference among them.…”

“…The sensory method adapted by Katherene et al (2017) and Ilesanmi and Gungula (2011) with little amendments were used to evaluate the palatability of the treated and untreated maize grains. One kilogram (1 kg) of maize grains were separately treated with neem and desert date oils at concentrations of 10, 15, 20 and 25 ml/l each and Dichlorvos at 10 ml/l while the control seeds were treated with water only.…”