Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Loess-sulfur Complex in different pH

Paik, Min-Kyoung; Shim, Chang-Ki; Lee, Je-Bong; Oh, Jin-Ah; Jeong, Mihye; Kim, Doo-Ho; Kim, Minjeong; Jee, Hyeong-Jin; Choi, Eun Joo; Cho, Hyeon-Jo

doi:10.7585/kjps.2012.16.4.369

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Spotting or blight disease in ginseng and powdery mildew in sweet pepper could be reduced by environmentally friendly pest management in agriculture [8,9]. However, some sulfuric compounds such as Loess-sulfur complex are phytotoxic to young plants because of their high alkalinity, although they have been used widely as environmentally friendly fungicides for crop cultivation [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Sulfur Pre-Treatment Suppresses Anthracnose on Cucumber Leaves Inoculated withColletotrichum orbiculare

Shin

Hyun

et al. 2019

Mycobiology

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Bio-sulfur can be produced in the process of desulfurization from a landfill and collected by some microorganism such as Thiobacillus sp. as a sulfur element. In order to investigate practical use of bio-sulfur as an agent for controlling plant disease, in vitro antifungal activity of bio-sulfur was tested against Colletotrichum orbiculare known to cause cucumber anthracnose. Efficacy of bio-sulfur for suppressing anthracnose disease was also evaluated in vivo using cucumber leaves. Mycelial growth of C. orbiculare on medium containing bio-sulfur was inhibited. Disease severity of cucumber leaves pre-treated with bio-sulfur was significantly decreased compared to that of untreated ones. To illustrate how bio-sulfur could suppress anthracnose disease, structures of cucumber leaves infected with C. orbiculare were observed under a fluorescent microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cucumber leaves pre-treated with bio-sulfur showed a low rate of appressorium formation whereas untreated ones showed abundant appressoria. Shrunk fungal hyphae were mostly observed on bio-sulfur-pretreated leaves by SEM. Similar results were observed on leaves pre-treated with a commercial fungicide Benomyl®. These results suggest that inhibition of appressorium formation of C. orbiculare by bio-sulfur may contribute to its suppression of cucumber anthracnose.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Sulfur Pre-Treatment Suppresses Anthracnose on Cucumber Leaves Inoculated withColletotrichum orbiculare

Shin

Hyun

et al. 2019

Mycobiology

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“…친 환경 유기농자재로서 공시되어 있는 황토유황합제의 급성경 구독성시험은 결과 LD 50 이 2,000 mg/kg bw 이상이었으며, 급성경피독성은 4,000 mg/kg bw 이상인 저자극성으로 분류 되었다. 또한 피부 및 안점막자극성 시험 결과에서도 모두 저자극성으로 분류되어 친환경 유기농자재로 사용하는데 적 합한 것으로 보고하였다 (Paik et al, 2012). Fig.…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

“…친환경유기농자재의 공시 및 품질인증에서 강산 또는 강 알카리성 제품 (pH 2 이하 또는 pH 1.5 이상)은 피부자극 및 안점막자극성시험이 제외되어 제품으로 공시 및 품질인 증을 받을 수 없도록 규정하고 있다(OECD, 1992; 농촌진흥 청 고시 2012-13호 농약 및 원제의 등록기준). 또한 국내에서 친환경 유기농 재배 농가에서 사용하던 기 존의 석회유황합제와 황토유황합제는 벼, 과수 등에 병해충 방제에 효과가 있어 널리 알려져 있으나, pH가 13 정도로 매우 강한 염기성이라 2,000배로 물에 희석하여도 pH의 변 화가 없어 작물에 약해를 일으켜 안전성에 관한 문제가 제 기되어 왔다 (Kim et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2013;Paik et al, 2012).…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Reducing Phytotoxic by Adjusted pH and Control effect of Loess-Sulfur Complex as Organic Farming Material against Powdery Mildew in Tomato

Shim¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2014

The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science

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The soluble loess-sulfur mixture allowed standing to remove insoluble component materials for five weeks after manufacturing. We decreased the pH level of soluble loess-sulfur mixture at pH 1.0 modified with decreasing 25% sodium hydroxide than original content. The pH ranges of soluble loess-sulfur mixture solutions were adjusted to pH 5.0-pH 11.0 (pH 1 unit) with brown rice vinegar (pH 2.8). The pH of original loess-sulfur mixture was about pH 13 and damaged the foliar parts and young leaves of tomato after twice application. These stock solutions can be diluted 500:1 with tap water to make a 0.05% working solution and were sprayed two times with 7 days interval to the leaf and stem of tomato, which were spontaneously infected with E. cichoracearum. Control efficacy of powdery mildew ranged from 85% to 90% at 7 days after first application. After second application, each loess-sulfur mixture solutions adjusted pH level significantly suppressed the powdery mildew disease in tomato. Consequently, loess-sulfur complex adjusted pH level with brown rice vinegar was suggested to be low in acute toxicity at all different pH values and suggested to use an agent for control of tomato powdery mildew in organic farming.

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Screening Resistant Cultivars Against Powdery Mildew, <i>Phytophthora</i> Rot, and <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt and Evaluation of Cooking Oil and Egg Yolk Plus and pH adjusted Loess-sulfur Mixture to Control Powdery Mildew

Shim¹,

Kim²,

Byeon³

et al. 2018

J. Agirc. Life Sci.

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Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Loess-sulfur Complex in different pH

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Bio-Sulfur Pre-Treatment Suppresses Anthracnose on Cucumber Leaves Inoculated withColletotrichum orbiculare

Bio-Sulfur Pre-Treatment Suppresses Anthracnose on Cucumber Leaves Inoculated withColletotrichum orbiculare

Reducing Phytotoxic by Adjusted pH and Control effect of Loess-Sulfur Complex as Organic Farming Material against Powdery Mildew in Tomato

Screening Resistant Cultivars Against Powdery Mildew, <i>Phytophthora</i> Rot, and <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt and Evaluation of Cooking Oil and Egg Yolk Plus and pH adjusted Loess-sulfur Mixture to Control Powdery Mildew

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