2004
DOI: 10.1172/jci200422353
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Acute renal failure: definitions, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy

Abstract: Acute renal failure (ARF), characterized by sudden loss of the ability of the kidneys to excrete wastes, concentrate urine, conserve electrolytes, and maintain fluid balance, is a frequent clinical problem, particularly in the intensive care unit, where it is associated with a mortality of between 50% and 80%. In this review, the epidemiology and pathophysiology of ARF are discussed, including the vascular, tubular, and inflammatory perturbations. The clinical evaluation of ARF and implications for potential f… Show more

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Cited by 610 publications
(368 citation statements)
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“…Tubular epithelial cell injury and cell death because of apoptosis and necrosis represent the common denominator of both models. 1,35,36 On IR, tubular injury was observed in kidneys, which underwent IR after 48 hours compared with kidneys that did not receive the treatment. There was marked epithelial cell necrosis that involved most of the corticomedullary tubules ( Figure 6A).…”
Section: Expression Of Tmigd1 Reduces During Kidney Cell Injurymentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Tubular epithelial cell injury and cell death because of apoptosis and necrosis represent the common denominator of both models. 1,35,36 On IR, tubular injury was observed in kidneys, which underwent IR after 48 hours compared with kidneys that did not receive the treatment. There was marked epithelial cell necrosis that involved most of the corticomedullary tubules ( Figure 6A).…”
Section: Expression Of Tmigd1 Reduces During Kidney Cell Injurymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Kidney failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to function because of acute or chronic diseases. 1 Both acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are major kidney diseases associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. 2 Although two distinct entities, emerging evidence strongly indicates close interconnection between AKI and CKD, wherein the occurrence of one strongly predicts the risk of the other.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The main risk factors to the development of the ARF in ICU are: ischemic, nephrotoxic, infectious, and obstructive events, hypotension, shock (hypovolemic, cardiogenic, and septic), cardiovascular, hepatic and respiratory insufficiency, neoplasia and mean hospitalization time greater than seven days (7)(8) . The identification of the ARF development's risk factors directs the type of treatment , dialysis or non-dialysis (9) .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A doença renal adquirida geralmente progride para o estágio de insuficiência e falência renal. A causa inicial da doença pode ainda persistir e contribuir para a contínua perda de néfrons como acontece na pielonefrite, glomerulonefrite imunomediada, hipercalcemia ou nefropatia tóxica com persistente exposição à toxina (Polzin et al 2001, Schrier et al 2004. Os processos associados à doença renal congênita ou familiar estão geralmente relacionados à displasia renal, hipoplasia renal, glomerulopatia e alterações tubulares (Coelho et al 2001).…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Uma das formas mais comuns de desequilíbrio dos fluidos corpóreos é aquela causada pela desidratação, decorrente usualmente, da excessiva perda de água e eletrólitos ocasionada por determinadas doenças. Na avaliação precoce da instalação da alteração/lesão renal, alguns autores (Greco et al 1985, Diéz & Biollaz 1979, Garry et al 1990a, 1990b, Pinheiro et al 1990, Schrier et al 2004 indicaram as provas de concentração, avaliação de excreção de eletrólitos e de enzimas urinárias, sedimentoscopia, teste de depuração da creatinina endógena ou exógena e determinação da presença de proteinúria e glicosúria renal. Já a avaliação quantitativa de ureia e de creatinina não é indicada como prova precoce de alteração da função glomerular, pois os seus níveis sanguíneos só se alteram quando 3/4 do parênquima renal se encontra comprometido.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified