Acute phase response and clinical manifestation in outbreaks of interdigital phlegmon in dairy herds

Kontturi, Miia; Junni, Reijo; Kujala‐Wirth, Minna; Malinen, Erja; Seuna, Eija; Pelkonen, Sinikka; Soveri, Timo; Simojoki, Heli

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101375

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In the liver they induce the production of acute phase proteins (APPs) such as serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp) [19,20]. Many different pathological conditions have been shown to elevate bovine serum SAA and Hp, i.e., mastitis [21,22], respiratory infection [23], and hoof disorders [24][25][26][27]. However, few studies have compared findings for local and systemic inflammatory responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local and Systemic Inflammation in Finnish Dairy Cows with Digital Dermatitis

Pirkkalainen,

Riihimäki,

Lienemann

et al. 2024

Animals

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Digital dermatitis is a disease of the digital skin and causes lameness and welfare problems in dairy cattle. This study assessed the local and systemic inflammatory responses of cows with different digital dermatitis lesions and compared macroscopical and histological findings. Cow feet (n = 104) were evaluated macroscopically and skin biopsies histologically. Serum samples were analyzed for acute phase proteins (serum amyloid A and haptoglobin) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). Cows with macroscopically graded active lesions (p = 0.028) and non-active lesions (p = 0.008) had higher interleukin-1 beta levels in their serum compared to healthy cows. Interleukin-1 beta serum concentrations were also higher (p = 0.042) when comparing lesions with necrosis to lesions without necrosis. There was no difference when other cytokine or acute phase protein concentrations in healthy cows were compared to those in cows with different digital dermatitis lesions. A novel histopathological grading was developed based on the chronicity of the lesions and presence of necrosis and ulceration. The presence and number of spirochetes were graded separately. In the most severe chronic lesions, there was marked epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis with necrosis, deep ulceration, and suppurative inflammation. Spirochetes were found only in samples from necrotic lesions. This study established that digital dermatitis activates proinflammatory cytokines. However, this did not initiate the release of acute phase proteins from the liver. A histopathological grading that takes into account the age and severity of the lesions and presence of spirochetes was developed to better understand the progression of the disease. It is proposed that necrosis of the skin is a result of ischemic necrosis following reduced blood flow in the dermal papillae due to pressure and shear stress caused by thickened epidermis, and that the spirochetes are secondary invaders following tissue necrosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local and Systemic Inflammation in Finnish Dairy Cows with Digital Dermatitis

Pirkkalainen,

Riihimäki,

Lienemann

et al. 2024

Animals

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…During the acute phase response APPs prevent the humoral and cell-mediated immune system from causing unnecessary damage to the host organism ( Gatt et al., 1998 ; Rossbacher et al., 1999 ). Elevated bovine APPs such as serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp), have been detected in the venous blood of cattle suffering from various diseases, including lower respiratory disease ( Prohl et al., 2015 ), mastitis ( Suojala et al., 2008 ; Thomas et al., 2018 ) and hoof disorders ( Bagga et al., 2016 ; Ilievska et al., 2019 ; Kontturi et al., 2020 ). Other parameters have also been investigated; Almeida et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many different hoof disorders can trigger APR ( Bagga et al., 2016 ; Ilievska et al., 2019 ; Jawor et al., 2008 ; Kontturi et al., 2020 ). Tóthová et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%