Acute phase response of sole ulcer, white line disease and digital dermatitis in dairy cows

Pirkkalainen, Hertta; Talvio, Isto; Kujala, Minna; Soveri, Timo; Orro, Toomas

doi:10.1016/j.vas.2022.100253

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…Few studies have investigated the systemic inflammatory response in DD. In our earlier study [27], we reported elevated IL-6 levels but did not find elevated SAA or Hp levels in bovine serum when comparing active DD lesion cows and DD-free control cows. Ilievska et al [25] reported higher SAA and Hp levels in the venous blood of DD cows when compared to healthy controls.…”

Section: Acute Phase Proteins and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Additionally, growth factors play a key role in the complex wound healing process. In DD lesions, necrosis can lead to higher levels of IL-1 release and production, which then can be detected in the serum of cows [27]. However, this does not necessarily mean that their effect is sufficient to initiate the production of APPs in the liver.…”

Section: Acute Phase Proteins and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this does not necessarily mean that their effect is sufficient to initiate the production of APPs in the liver. For example, sole ulcer-another hoof disorder with a different etiology-can elevate APPs, but the tissue damage in this condition is more severe compared to DD [27]. We could hypothesize that the bovine body is not able to eliminate DD from the skin because there is no efficient systemic reaction.…”

Section: Acute Phase Proteins and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the liver they induce the production of acute phase proteins (APPs) such as serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp) [19,20]. Many different pathological conditions have been shown to elevate bovine serum SAA and Hp, i.e., mastitis [21,22], respiratory infection [23], and hoof disorders [24][25][26][27]. However, few studies have compared findings for local and systemic inflammatory responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local and Systemic Inflammation in Finnish Dairy Cows with Digital Dermatitis

Pirkkalainen,

Riihimäki,

Lienemann

et al. 2024

Animals

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Digital dermatitis is a disease of the digital skin and causes lameness and welfare problems in dairy cattle. This study assessed the local and systemic inflammatory responses of cows with different digital dermatitis lesions and compared macroscopical and histological findings. Cow feet (n = 104) were evaluated macroscopically and skin biopsies histologically. Serum samples were analyzed for acute phase proteins (serum amyloid A and haptoglobin) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). Cows with macroscopically graded active lesions (p = 0.028) and non-active lesions (p = 0.008) had higher interleukin-1 beta levels in their serum compared to healthy cows. Interleukin-1 beta serum concentrations were also higher (p = 0.042) when comparing lesions with necrosis to lesions without necrosis. There was no difference when other cytokine or acute phase protein concentrations in healthy cows were compared to those in cows with different digital dermatitis lesions. A novel histopathological grading was developed based on the chronicity of the lesions and presence of necrosis and ulceration. The presence and number of spirochetes were graded separately. In the most severe chronic lesions, there was marked epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis with necrosis, deep ulceration, and suppurative inflammation. Spirochetes were found only in samples from necrotic lesions. This study established that digital dermatitis activates proinflammatory cytokines. However, this did not initiate the release of acute phase proteins from the liver. A histopathological grading that takes into account the age and severity of the lesions and presence of spirochetes was developed to better understand the progression of the disease. It is proposed that necrosis of the skin is a result of ischemic necrosis following reduced blood flow in the dermal papillae due to pressure and shear stress caused by thickened epidermis, and that the spirochetes are secondary invaders following tissue necrosis.

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Section: Acute Phase Proteins and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Acute Phase Proteins and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acute Phase Proteins and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local and Systemic Inflammation in Finnish Dairy Cows with Digital Dermatitis

Pirkkalainen,

Riihimäki,

Lienemann

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…The fact that in our study, ID has a low prevalence could be justified by the fact that DD lesions develop and progress very slowly, as reported elsewhere. Animals' lifespan is shorter than the time required for the development of interdigital dermatitis as a consequence of secondary bacterial proliferation in heel erosions [52][53][54], initiation, and degeneration of tissues [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Claw Lesions in Beef Cattle Slaughtered in Northern Portugal: A Preliminary Study

Seixas,

Moura,

Grispoldi

et al. 2024

Animals

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Claw diseases have a profound impact on cattle welfare, affecting behaviors such as grazing, rumination, rest, decubitus, and water consumption. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of claw lesions and classify them according to the ICAR Claw Health Atlas (International Committee of Animal Recording) in two slaughterhouses. The influence of claw lesions on carcass weight, classification, and fat deposition was also examined. Involving 343 crossbreed cattle from 103 different extensive or semi-intensive farms, this study found an animal prevalence of claw disorders at 65.8%, with a higher incidence in females (n = 207, 60.35%) compared to males (n = 136, 39.65%). Despite the observed prevalence, claw lesions were not influenced by age or sex (p > 0.05). The main claw lesions identified, including heel horn erosion, double sole, and asymmetric claw, were consistent with the cattle management practices in the study area. These cattle were raised in small, rustic premises with uneven floors, utilizing a mix of manure and plant material as bedding and lacking access to pasture. Also, no negative economic impact was detected concerning carcass weight, classification, or fat deposition. Consequently, it was concluded that the presence of claw lesions in beef cattle raised under the characteristic management of this geographical area does not adversely affect animal health or farm economics.

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Early life cow level risk factors for sole ulcers in primiparous dairy cows

Thomsen,

Houe

2024

JDS Communications

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Acute phase response of sole ulcer, white line disease and digital dermatitis in dairy cows

Cited by 4 publications

References 59 publications

Local and Systemic Inflammation in Finnish Dairy Cows with Digital Dermatitis

Local and Systemic Inflammation in Finnish Dairy Cows with Digital Dermatitis

Evaluation of Claw Lesions in Beef Cattle Slaughtered in Northern Portugal: A Preliminary Study

Early life cow level risk factors for sole ulcers in primiparous dairy cows

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